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Estimated Mercury Emission Reductions in NC from Co-control as a Result of CSA

This presentation summarizes the estimated mercury emission reductions in North Carolina (NC) resulting from co-control measures implemented as part of the CSA. It highlights the current and planned emission controls in NC's electric utility industry and provides insights on statewide mercury emission estimates and reduction schedules. The presentation also discusses coal characteristics, boiler types, and speciated mercury emissions, along with conclusions, plans, and ongoing research and development projects related to mercury control.

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Estimated Mercury Emission Reductions in NC from Co-control as a Result of CSA

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  1. Estimated Mercury Emission Reductions in NC from Co-control as a Result of CSA 2004 NC DENR/DAQ Hg & CO2 Workshop Raleigh, NC April 20, 2004 Steve Schliesser Paul Grable NC Division of Air Quality

  2. Presentation Summary • NC Electric Utility Hg Control Features - Coal Characteristics - Boiler Types - Current & Planned Emission Controls • Statewide Hg Emission Estimates - From Existing Controls • From Planned Future Controls • Emission Reduction Schedule • Speciated Hg Emissions • Conclusions & Plans

  3. Hg Emissions and Control Study for Electric Utilities • Electric Utility Industry Is Primary Hg Emission Source in NC (75% Hg emissions) • Current Statistics - 48 Utility Boilers with 13,300 MW - Duke Power with 8,200 MW - Progress Energy with 5,100 MW - Variety of Conventional Boilers - No Hg-specific emission controls

  4. Electric Utility Company Plans • Plans Submitted for CSA • All with Combustion Controls - 46/48 with SCR / SNCR / Advanced NOx Controls (>98% State Capacity) - NOx Controls Installed in 2001-09 • 22 SO2 Wet FGD Scrubbers on Largest Units (80% State Capacity) - SO2 Scrubbers Installed 2005 – 2013 - Largest Scrubbers Installed 2005 – 2009

  5. Emissions Reductions Under Clean Smokestacks Act 489,000 500,000 450,000 400,000 350,000 300,000 245,000 250,000 250,000 200,000 130,000 150,000 60,000 100,000 56,000 50,000 2007 2009 1998 1998 2013 2009 SO2 (tons/year) NOx (tons/year)

  6. NC Electric Utility Boiler Characteristics • Current Design and Operation - All Eastern Bitmuninous Low-S Coal - Favorable Hg Controllability Coal - All T-Fired or Wall-Fired Boilers - Most larger units with Cold-side ESPs - Several small Hot-side ESPs - No Wet FGD Scrubbers

  7. Comparison of Average Coal Burned in NC vs USA

  8. Location and Size of NC Electric Utility Plants

  9. EPA Estimates Based on 1999 ICR data (1100 boilers & 80 tests) Results by category (e.g., bituminous coal, cold-side ESP) Averagedcategory data without coal variables Used Sound Science Results applicable for large data sets Predict 48 tons Hg emissions in USA EPRI Estimates Based on 1999 ICR data (1100 boilers & 80 tests) Results by category (e.g., bituminous coal, cold-side ESP) Correlatedcategory data on key coal variables Used Sound Science Results applicable for large data sets Predict 45 tons Hg emissions in USA DAQ Estimated Mercury Emissions Based on EPA and EPRI Correlations

  10. NC-Relevant APCD Comparisons Of EPA and EPRI Hg Removal Predictions

  11. EPA and EPRI Mercury Emission Projections

  12. EPA and EPRI Mercury Emission Projections For NC Electric Utilities

  13. Mercury Emission Reduction Schedule for NC Utilities Using EPRI Correlations

  14. Forecast Summary of Mercury Emission Estimates from NC Electric Utility Boilers

  15. Removal Summary for Total and Speciated Mercury

  16. Tabulated Forecast Summary of Mercury Emission Estimates from NC Electric Utility Boilers

  17. NC Electric UtilitiesHg R&D Involvement • Hosted EPA Hg CEMS Project in 2002 in NC on Bituminous Coal w/ Cold-side ESP • Contract with Leading FGD Supplier Having DOE/EPRI Hg Control Evaluation Projects • Sponsor or Co-Sponsor of DOE/EPRI Projects on Hg Control Performance - In GA with Carbon Injection - In NC with Hot-side ESP Sorbents - In NC with FGD - In NC with NOx Controls

  18. Conclusions • NC Leading State For Electric Utility : - Multi Pollutant Regulations - State-of-the-art NOx & SO2 Controls - Favorable Coal for Hg Control - Significant Hg Emission Reductions, including Oxidized Hg

  19. Future DAQ Plans • Continue Hg Control Evaluation - Update / Refine Emission Control Analysis • Complete 2nd Interim CSA Report • Consider Adding MDN Site(s) in Piedmont to Assess - Wet Deposition - Benefits of FGD Scrubbers - Relationship Between Hg Emissions & Local Impact

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