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MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework: Status and Directions

MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework: Status and Directions. January 8, 2003. John R. Smith Pervasive Media Management Group IBM T. J. Watson Research Center 19 Skyline Drive Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA jrsmith@watson.ibm.com. MPEG-21 Framework: Rich Media “ Transactions of Digital Items”.

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MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework: Status and Directions

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  1. MPEG-21 Multimedia Framework:Status and Directions January 8, 2003 John R. Smith Pervasive Media Management Group IBM T. J. Watson Research Center 19 Skyline Drive Hawthorne, NY 10532 USA jrsmith@watson.ibm.com

  2. MPEG-21 Framework: Rich Media“Transactions of Digital Items” • Example: Music package • Digital Items: Users and participants in the content value chain seamlessly exchange content in form of “digital items” across networks and devices • Framework supports all forms of electronic content/intellectual property (video, music, learning objects, on-line reports, etc.) • Digital Item = bundling of: • Essence (i.e., media resources) • Metadata • Rights expressions • Identifiers

  3. MPEG-21 Standard Framework • “Interoperable Multimedia Framework” • “E-Commerce for E-Content” • “Digital Audio-Visual Framework” • Vision: “To enable transparent and augmented use of multimedia resources across a wide range of networks and devices.” • Goal: Integration of technologies for content identification and consumption • Output: ISO technical report and technical specification (International Standard in 2003)

  4. MPEG-21 Multimedia FrameworkStandard Parts

  5. MPEG-21 Standard Elements • Digital Item Declaration: • Specifies an XML Schema-based language for declaring digital items, which are packages of media resources and metadata. • A digital item is the fundamental unit of transaction in the MPEG-21 multimedia framework. • The important concepts of Digital Item Declaration are as follows: • Container – groups items and/or containers to form logical packages for transaction or distribution • Item – corresponds to a group or choice of sub-items or components that forms a work or compilation • Descriptor – associates metadata, i.e., MPEG-7, or descriptions with elements within the digital item, such as items, components, and so forth. • Resource – corresponds to an identifiable media resource i.e., image, video, audio, or other media asset

  6. MPEG-21 Part 1: Digital Item Declaration (DID) • Digital Item: • Unit of distribution & transaction in multimedia framework • Structured digital objects, including a standard representation and identification, and meta-data • Container + nesting of items • Examples: • CD package with music + video + graphics • Photo album

  7. Digital Item Declaration <DIDL> <Container> <Descriptor> <Statement type="text/xml"> <mpeg7:Mpeg7> <mpeg7:DescriptionUnit xsi:type="CreationInformationType"> <mpeg7:Creation> <mpeg7:Title>Musical package</mpeg7:Title> </mpeg7:Creation> </mpeg7:DescriptionUnit> </mpeg7:Mpeg7> </Statement> </Descriptor> <Item> <Descriptor> <Statement type="text/plain"> Music package (one song plus two photos) </Statement> </Descriptor> <Item> <Component> <Resource ref="music.mp3" type="audio/mp3"/> </Component> </Item> <Item> <Component> <Resource ref="photo1.jpg" type="image/jpg"/> </Component> </Item> <Item> <Component> <Resource ref="photo2.jpg" type="image/jpg"/> </Component> </Item> </Item> </Container> </DIDL>

  8. MPEG-21 Standard Elements • Digital Item Identification: • Specifies an identifier naming and resolution system that allows digital items and their parts to be uniquely identified. • The identifications can be embedded within a digital item declaration and associated with the item, a component or sub-item in order to uniquely identify the item, its resource, or description schemes. • MPEG-21 does not specify any new identification systems but standardizes the syntax of the reference to identifiers within other systems and standardizes the identification resolution process. • Examples of identification systems that may be used include: cIDF, DOI, EAN/UCC, ISAN, ISBN, ISSN, etc.

  9. MPEG-21 Part 2: Digital Item Identification (DII) • Unique Identification: • URIs • I.e., mpeg:mpeg21:diid:sss:nnn • Registration Authority for maintaining list of ID schemes • Description: • <statement>

  10. MPEG-21 Terminal IPMP Parser REL Parser IPMP Tool(s) DID Parser Future Tools (TBD) Media Resource Access Tools Interface to MPEG-21 Terminal Interface Message Interface DID MPEG-21 Part 4: MPEG-21 IPMPTerminal Architecture (Draft) • Parsers: • DID • REL • IPMP • Intellectual Property Management & Protection (IPMP): • Standardized ways of retrieving IPMP tools from remote locations, exchanging messages between IPMP tools and between these tools and the terminal. • Addresses authentication of IPMP tools

  11. MPEG-21 Standard Elements • Rights Expression Language: • Specifies a language for declaring rights and permissions associated with use of digital items. The rights expressions use terms as defined in the Rights Data Dictionary. • Rights Data Dictionary: • Specifies a model and dictionary for clearly and consistently defining terms for use in rights expressions. • Digital Item Adaptation: • Specifies specifies an XML Schema-based language for describing media resource adaptability, user environment, and others.

  12. MPEG-21 Part 5: MPEG-21 Rights Expression Language (REL) • Rights Expression Language • Machine-readable language that can declare rights and permissions using the terms as defined in the Rights Data Dictionary • XrML used as initial basis for REL • Rights authorization: • Is PRINCIPAL authorized to exercise RIGHT against RESOURCE?

  13. Credentials forAll Title Keyholder Delegation Control Issuer Backup, copy, delete, edit, play, print, … License Issue, obtain, revoke Principal Grant Digital work, digital resource, service (wsdl, uddi) Right Resource Watermark Prerequisite Conditions Time period Track query MPEG-21 Part 5: Rights Expression Language(XrML Core Schema)

  14. “Can Alice play the .mp3 file?” “Under what condition?” “According to whom?” Authorization using MPEG-21 REL 1 2 3 MPEG-21 User

  15. “anyone can play mySong.mp3 in 2001”, UMG says. MPEG-21 REL Engine Interfaces MPEG-21 REL Licenses Authorization Query A1 Authorization Response REL Engine B A3 “Can Alice play mySong .mp3?” “Yes, according to UMG.” B = f(A1,A2,A3) A2 Context Information “Current time is 2001-12-23T01:30:00”

  16. MPEG-21 Digital Item Adaptation MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration DIGITAL ITEM ADAPTATION ENGINE LEGEND DIA MPEG-7 Media Resource Adaptability MPEG-7 MPEG-7 Adaptability User Query Rights Expression MPEG-21 Usage Environment Description Adaptation Rights MPEG-7 User Preferences, etc. Resource MPEG-7 & MPEG-21 Controlled Term Lists / Classification Schemes

  17. Digital Item Context Digital Items (XDI) Digital Item Digital Item (UED) Digital Item (BSDL) Bn B1 … Adaptation Engine (DIA) Input Digital Item (CDI) Output Digital Item (CDI) A’ A MPEG-21 DIA Adaptation Engine

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