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August 2010 bjl

Communication: Understanding and Improving Presented by: APS Healthcare Southwestern PA Health Care Quality Unit (HCQU). August 2010 bjl. Disclaimer.

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August 2010 bjl

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  1. Communication: Understanding and ImprovingPresented by: APS HealthcareSouthwestern PA Health Care Quality Unit(HCQU) August 2010 bjl

  2. Disclaimer Information or education provided by the HCQU is not intended to replace medical advice from the consumer’s personal care physician, existing facility policy or federal, state and local regulations/codes within the agency jurisdiction. The information provided is not all inclusive of the topic presented. Certificates for training hours will only be awarded to those who attend a training in its entirety. Attendees are responsible for submitting paperwork to their respective agencies.

  3. Note of Clarification While mental retardation (MR) is still recognized as a clinical diagnosis, in an effort to support the work of self-advocates, the APS SW PA HCQU will be using the terms intellectual and/or developmental disability (I/DD) to replace mental retardation (MR) when feasible.

  4. Objectives Discuss barriers of communication Recall different methods to communicate Recognize ways to improve communication

  5. What Is Communication? Mutual sharing of information between at least 2 people One person formulates a message and sends it to another person The receiver responds to the message

  6. What We Communicate Needs Wants and desires Thoughts Feelings and emotions Knowledge and facts Dreams and wishes

  7. Where We Communicate Communication occurs everywhere Home Work School Community

  8. Requirements of Communication Someone to communicate with Something to talk about Some way to communicate

  9. Communication Is Essential Everyone CAN communicate

  10. Communication Bill of Rights “All persons, regardless of the extent or severity of their disabilities, have a basic right to affect, through communication, the conditions of their own existence”. - From the National Joint Committee for the Communication Needs of Persons with Severe Disabilities (1992).

  11. Key Elements of Communication Speech Language Non-verbal Communication Written Communication

  12. Speech How one makes or articulates sounds Putting sounds together to make words Use of one’s mouth, lips, tongue, and breath

  13. Speech Difficulties Problems identifying or saying different speech sounds Miss beginnings or ends of words Smaller number of speech sounds Switch sounds around or use one sound for another Difficulty with vowel sounds Difficulty with long or complicated words Difficulty sequencing speech sounds within words or sentences

  14. What to do to Help? Recognize some common words or phrases Act as an interpreter or a communication partner Keep a communication dictionary to help others Use pictures to help with communication

  15. Language Expressive Language Receptive Language

  16. Expressive Language Talking Language output Verbal expression Verbal communication Gestures Augmentative or alternative methods

  17. Receptive Language Understanding Language input Comprehension Verbal comprehension

  18. Receptive Language Thenewdogwassadforthecat. Thesunwashotbutthemandidnotgethishat.

  19. Problems With Communication Not able to listen carefully Not understanding what is said Not able to follow instructions Not able to ask questions Not able to make yourself understood Not able to read, write, or type

  20. Communication Without Speech Gestures Sign Language Facial Expression Body Language

  21. Communication Without Speech Touching Pictures or symbols Silence Music

  22. Written Communication Letters & e-mails Notes & lists Reports Text messages Newspapers & magazines Books

  23. Understanding Communication Listening and attention Auditory skills Understanding words and concepts Understanding sentences Memory

  24. Listening and Attention Listen to other people speak Pay attention to the speaker

  25. Auditory Skills Hear and discriminate different sounds Memory for sounds and words

  26. Auditory Processing De-coding Timing Distractions Selective attention

  27. De-coding Ghoti P, T, or K sounds

  28. Timing The cat sat. The cats at. Look out the door. Look out! The door!

  29. Selective Attention Ability to filter out what is not important Distinguishing what needs attention versus what does not

  30. Understanding Words, Concepts, and Sentences Understanding words and concepts Concrete Abstract Understanding sentences

  31. Time Reference Past Present Future

  32. Communication and Behavior Behavior can be a form of communication Questions to think about Did the person understand what was said? Do they have the necessary words to use?

  33. Barriers to Communication Culture and Background Noise Focus on oneself Perceptions Message-distractions

  34. Barriers to Communication Environment Stress Time 18-Second Rule

  35. Ways to Augment/Improve Communication Augmentative or assistive devices Assistance with speech/communication problems

  36. Ways to Improve/Augment Communication Institute on Disabilities Lending Library 1-800-204-7428 http://disabilities.temple.edu/programs/assistive/atlend/index.htm Pennsylvania Assistive Technology Foundation 1-888-744-1938 www.patf.us Three Rivers Center for Independent Living www.trcil.org Phone: (412) 371-7700 Toll Free (PA Only): 1-800-633-4588Fax: (412)371-9430TTY: (412) 371-6230

  37. The Communication Partner Someone who knows an individual well Someone who understands an individual’s means of communicating The Communication Partner can be: a family member a friend a caregiver an interpreter (i.e. sign language)

  38. Communication Dictionary ‘Dictionary’ of how a person communicates Made up of: Behavior Movements Words Gestures

  39. Communication Dictionary Example

  40. Offer Choices Allow person to have many options Encourage person to chose for him/herself

  41. Acknowledge Feelings Is the individual tired? Is the individual upset? Is the individual happy?

  42. Visual Strategies Mini-schedules Schedules Calendars Task Organizers Cell phones

  43. Visual Strategies Picture books Social Stories

  44. Communication Without Words Gaze method Gestures Switches

  45. Sign Language Types of sign language American Sign Signed English Individualized Signs

  46. Using People-First Language Setting standards Individuals with ID/DD are ‘people first’

  47. References Kumin, Libby (1994). Communication Skills in Children with Down Syndrome. Rockville, MD: Woodbine House. Brown, I and Percy, M.(2007). A Comprehensive Guide to Intellectual & Developmental Disabilities. Baltimore, MD: Paul Brookes Publishing Co. Wian, Kathy. (2006) Presentation for C2P2. Effective Communication and Collaborative Problem Solving Skills. Covey, Stephen R. (2004). The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People. New York, NY: Free Press.

  48. Manning, G, Curtis, K, & McMillen, S. (1996). Building community: The human side of work. Duluth, MN: Whole Person Associates, Inc. McGuire, Dennis, et al.(1997). Self talk in Adults with Down Syndrome. Disability Solutions, (2): 2, p. 1,3,4-5. 10 Things you can do to support a person with difficult behaviors, Pitonyak, David. Retrieved on August 5, 2010 from www.dimagine.com.

  49. References Hearing, Ear Infections, and Deafness, The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Retrieved on August 17, 2010 from www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing What is USSAAC?, United States Society for Augmentative and Alternative Communication. Retrieved on August 17, 2010 from www.ussaac.org Signs and Symptoms, The Kaufman Children’s Center For Speech, Language, Sensory-Motor, and Social Connections, Inc. Retrieved on August 1, 2010 from http://www.kidspeech.com

  50. What is ADP?, National Coalition of Auditory Processing Disorders. Retrieved on August 9, 2010 from http://www.ncapd.org/ ReadPlease Products, Read Please. Retrieved on August 17, 2010 fromhttp://www.readplease.com/ About Speech, Language & Communication Needs, I CAN. Retrieved on July 29, 2010 from http://www.ican.org.uk/

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