The Subjunctive

1. The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events. Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood. We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.

2. The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. Quieroquetú respires lentamente. (respirar) I want you to breathe slowly. El entrenadorexigequelos atletasestiren los músculos. (estirar) The trainer demands that the athletes stretch their muscles. Sugieroquebebasagua antes de correr. (beber) I suggest that you drink water before running.

3. The Subjunctive You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as esnecesario…esbueno…and esimportante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive. Es necesarioquehagasejercicio. It’s necessary that you do exercise. Es importante que los jóvenescomanbien. It’s important that the young people eat well.

4. 2 Clauses Ella sugierequeyoaprendafrancés. Independent clause(stands on its own)Subject > Verb Separated by the word “que” Dependent clause (can’t stand on its own)Begins with the word “que.” Subjunctive Verb Indicative Verb

5. The Subjunctive The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

6. Verbs that are often followed by que + subjunctive: Decir Insistir en Necesitar Permitir Preferir (e > ie) Prohibir Querer (e > ie) Recomendar (e > ie) Sugerir (e > ie) Ojalaque

7. The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands. We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

8. The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: e emos es e en For -er/-ir verbs: aamos as a an

9. The Subjunctive The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands. Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.

10. The Subjunctive Up to now you have been using verbs in the indicative mood, which is used to talk about facts or actual events. Spanish has another way of using verbs called the subjunctive mood. We use it to say what one person does or doesn’t want, tell, suggest, or recommend someone else to do.

11. The Subjunctive A sentence that includes the subjunctive form has two parts connected by the word que. Quieroquetú_______lentamente. (respirar) I want you to breathe slowly. El entrenadorexigequelos atletas_______los músculos. (estirar) The trainer demands that the athletes stretch their muscles. SugieroqueHumberto _______agua antes de correr. (beber) I suggest that you drink water before running.

12. The Subjunctive You can also suggest more general or impersonal ideas using expressions such as esnecesario…esbueno…and esimportante…, followed by que and a form of the present subjunctive. Es necesarioque_______ ejercicio. (hacer) It’s necessary that you do exercise. Es importante que los jóvenes_______ bien. (eat) It’s important that the young people eat well.

13. 2 Clauses Ella sugierequeyoaprendafrancés.

14. The Subjunctive The first subject uses the present indicative verb (recommendation, suggestion, prohibition, and so on) + que and the second subject uses the present subjunctive verb (what should happen).

15. Verbs that are often followed by que + subjunctive: Decir Insistir en Necesitar Permitir Preferir (e > ie) Prohibir Querer (e > ie) Recomendar (e > ie) Sugerir (e > ie) Ojalaque

16. The Subjunctive We form the present subjunctive of most verbs the same way we form negative tú commands. We drop the -o of the present-tense indicative yo form and add the subjunctive endings.

17. The Subjunctive For -ar verbs: For -er/-ir verbs:

18. The Subjunctive The present subjunctive has the same spelling changes and irregular yo form changes used with the negative tú commands and Ud./Uds. commands. Also verbs ending in –car, -gar, and –zar have a spell change in order to maintain the original sound.