Questions about Zainul Abideen

Questions about Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise 24 Questions A.S. Hashim, MD

Definition of Terms in this Slide Show • Institute of Ahlul Bayt: Refers to the teachings and discussions by Ahlul Bayt. This was conducted at: • The house of the Imam • Masjid Al-Nabawi • At or near the Grand Mosque during Haj • Piety-minded: Refers to the many Schools of thought: Like that of Ibn Abbas, of Ibn Omar, Jabriah, Qadariyah, Murj’iah, Ahlul Raa’y, Ahlul Qiyas, etc. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Describe the dilemma of Zainul Abideen. • He knew the Ummah needed his treasure of Islamic knowledge, but to start outright would raise suspicions of the officials of Benu Umayya who may destroy him and the line of Imamah. • In the beginning of Zainul Abideen's Imamah the Islamic Ummah were extremely unsettled politically. • *a+b+ Once political conditions settled down, Zainul Abideen (now in his thirties) began to significantly increase his activity in teaching. • a+b+c+ Regardless of politics Zainul Abideen began to agitate for a war against the oppressive government Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Explain what Zainul Abideen did once his seclusion came to an end. • Zainul Abideen recognized fully and clearly the three pivotal Islamic phases., 1)of fighting for Islam by the Prophet, 2)then fighting against the detractors of Islam by Ali and Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, 3)then explaining first about the Imamah then Ismah thus teaching Islam in its pure form by the Imams to the Ummah. • *a+ This blue print was followed by the Imams meticulously • The blue print was well known but not followed • Benu Umayya ridiculed the blue print and stopped it. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Mention the 4 points that distinguished Zainul Abideen's Educational Effort. • producing high quality scholars, • who were to teach others about true Islam, • thus spread the word to the general public, the ordinary man, about the motive and the principles which Imam Al‑Husain had given his life for, and • *a+b+c+ at the same time expose the offenses of Benu Umayya. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

At what age did Zainul Abideen increase his educational works in the community. • *In his forties • In his sixties • In his seventies • In his teens Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

List the 3 points Zainul Abideen stressed about Ahlul Bayt. • Imamah was frequently explained and emphasized, and • Ismah was often emphasized, (Surah 33 : Ayah 33) and • *a+b+ the unique and lofty position of Ahlul Bayt in Islam was often explained. • a+b+c+ The tragic status of the Ummah was often alluded to. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Explain the view of Zainul Abideen about the rule of Benu Umayya. • Benu Umayya encouraged and rewarded people who would come out with a Hadith, especially in the praise of themselves and what they believed in. • Benu Umayya popularized the concept of absolute predestination. • Benu Umayya changed the Khilaafah to monarchy by force and intrigue, instituting a Caesar‑like rule. • * a+b+c+ Benu Umayya brought back many pre‑Islamic practices, Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

List the 3 of 7 elements Benu Umayya accomplished to establish themselves as rulers. • making very strong alliance with Syrian Arabs who constituted the back bone of their fighting forces, • buying the loyalty of numerous people by offering them privileged positions in the government, • state wide propaganda, which was quite effective, to stir up sympathy for their support, • *All the above Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

List the 2 more of 7 elements Benu Umayya accomplished to establish themselves as rulers. • taking a pretext of unifying the Ummah and making it the goal of life, • *a+ having succeeded in establishing a very strong governing body that was very hard to dislodge, • *a+b+ They failed to attract the Syrians to their side • *a+b+c+ They failed to hide their seep faith in Islam Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

List 3 more of 7 elements Benu Umayya accomplished to establish themselves as rulers. • making a powerful network of undercover agents to keep an eye on the opposition or potential opposition, and • *a+ relying heavily on the use of brutal force to suppress any uprisings. • They appealed to Zainul Abideen to support them • The appealed to all Arabs to support them Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

How many did Benu Umayya consist of at this period in history? • *Their family members, by now reaching 20,000 or more, • Their family members reaching 5,000 • Their family members reaching 50,000, • Their family members, reaching 500,000, Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Explain what Benu Umayya did to the Hadith narration. • Benu Umayya rewarded people to come out with a Hadith in their favor • Most such Hadiths were the innovation of people interested in the reward money or in a favor. • This attitude continued from the time of Mu'awiya onward. • *a+b+c+ It became such that when Bukhari collected the Hadith, he found 600,000 out of which only 2,762 were authentic, 6,320 weak! In other words, Bukhari found 199 unacceptable Hadiths for each one acceptable Hadith. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

For what reason did Benu Umayya popularize the predestination concept (Jabriah)? • While Islam says a person is accountable for his own deeds in the sight of the Almighty, Benu Umayya promoted only absolute predestination, • Claiming that Allah is the only One who actuates everything. • Therefore, (according to their claim) man was not responsible for his acts and deeds, meaning Allah caused it. • *a+b+c+ This concept was emphasized, with the sole purpose to put the blame on Allah for all their atrocities and give explanation that it was Allah who caused them to drink Alcohol, do what is haram, and behave in such un‑Islamic manner. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Who changed the Khilaafah to monarchy rule, Byzantine style? • Benu Abbas • *Mu’awiya of Benu Umayya • The Prophet (pbuh) • Imam Ali Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Give an account of how Benu Umayya brought back some pre‑Islamic customs. • Benu Umayya brought back the pre‑Islamic nationalism such as considering the Arabs of Syria superior to the Arabs of Iraq; • And the Arabs in general as superior to non‑Arabs even though they were Muslims; • And the Arabs of Syria as superior to others who worked hard for Islam. • *a+b+c+ This policy produced tremendous resentment among people and finally was instrumental in destroying the rule of Benu Umayya itself. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

How long and by whose orders was cursing Imam Ali over the pulpits mandated? • Cursing Imam Ali was started by Mu’awiya • Benu Umayya continued to curse him • *a+b+ The cursing was on the pulpits on Friday Prayers as a State policy. This was so except during Khilaafah of the pious Omar son of Abdul Aziz. • a+b+c+ The cursing was on the pulpits on Friday Prayers as a State policy. This was so except during Khilaafah of Yazid Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

What is the feeling of Zainul Abideen about cursing Imam Ali over the pulpits? • Zainul Abideen was extremely pained at the horrible attitude of having to curse Imam Ali every Friday on the Minbar • The cursing was done in every mosque all over by order of the rulers of Benu Umayya. • They cursed the very man whom the Holy Quran had purified (Surah 33 : Ayah 33) and who was honored by numerous Hadiths of the Prophet (pbuh)! • A+b+c+ Zainul Abideen was active in reminding people of the exceptional status Ahlul Bayt occupied in Islam, the first of whom was Amir al Mu'mineen Ali [Supreme Leader of the faithful, as the Prophet (pbuh) had called him]. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

What was the role of the students of Zainul Abideen? • The students of Zainul Abideen became scholars who quoted him wherever they went, circumstances permitting. • These scholars were the very means to give speeches (Khutba) and explain to the public, the common man, what Islam truly taught. • Now the grass roots were being reached, and people began to think and demand their rights in the light of Islam. • *a+b+c+ Thus Benu Umayya were exposed at a faster and faster rate. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Evaluate the circles of discussions held by the 50 year old Zainul Abideen. • When Zainul Abideen reached his fifties, the circles of discussions were extremely fruitful. • *a+ His arduous course of action was the genius within him that led to such high output, such beneficial results. • The scholars were concentrated only in Medina • The scholars were fetched after by Benu Umayya Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Who participated and helped Zainul Abideen in his discourses? • *Zainul Abideen’s children became scholars of the highest degree, notably Al‑Baaqir and Zaid. • Zainul Abideen’s children became scholars of the highest degree, notably Al‑Kadhim and Ridha. • Zainul Abideen’s children became scholars of the highest degree, notably Al-Jawaad and Al-Haadi. • Zainul Abideen’s children became scholars of the highest degree, notably Al‑Rasheed and al-Ma’Moon. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Explain why the Taq'wa was to be the criterion and basis for the society. • By Taq’wa people wanted to apply the Holy Quran, and that only Taq'wa was the criterion of superiority of man. • they wanted to apply the numerous Quranic Directives that were purposely bypassed by Benu Umayya, and • *a+b+ they wanted to bring justice back, by following the authentic Hadiths as Zainul Abideen had taught. • They wanted to follow the example of Abdul Malik ibn Marwan Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Why were the Hadiths narrated by Zainul Abideen authentic? • *Referencing them to his father then to Imam Ali through the Prophet • Referencing them to his wife from the Prophet • Referencing them to the Khalifa Abdul Malik • Referencing them to some major Sahaabi Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

Why were Benu Umayya apprehensive about Zainul Abideen's status? • *Afraid of his influence against their rule • Resented his friendly influence over the Khalifa • Warned him of severe consequences • Did not care much about what Zainul Abideen exposed of their vice Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

At what age did Zainul Abideen die and what was the cause of his death? • *Age of 57 • Age of 45 • Age of 65 • Age of 73 Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

What did Zainul Abideen give to Al‑Baaqir before he died? • Before his death, Imam Zainul Abideen designated the Imamah to his son Al‑Baaqir (a.s.). • He also handed over the treasured books that Imam Ali had written before, • *a+b+ the voluminous amount about the Quran, Tafseer, Hadith, Ah'kaam, and Al‑Jafr, the white and the red. • Good advice. Questions, Zainul Abideen Educational Expertise

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Questions about Zainul Abideen