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Dangers of Mobile Phones use in society
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MOBILE PHONES AND HEALTH EFFECTS mustafapsmo@gmail.com
Benefits of Cell phones • Concerns first developed in the early 1990’s • Lawsuit by David Reynard who claimed brain tumor caused by cell phone use • 800 million dollar lawsuit five years later • Both lawsuits were dismissed
Cell Phone Radiation • Portable handset (1-2 W, Avg 0.125-0.25 W). • Base station – cell – (60 W). • RF waves at 900 or 1800 MHz. • Induce RF electric fields in a tissue. • Absorption of radiated energy causes increase of the tissue temperature. • Power loss involved with vibration of water molecules, movement of free ions, movement of bound charges attached to macromolecules.
Specific absorption rate • Power absorbed per unit mass : SAR = E2/ - Electric conductivity, - Mass density, E - Electric field strength
Analysis of the data showed there were no effects of exposure to GSM mobile phone signals on the main measures of the status of the auditory system.
It is concluded that UMTS short-term exposure at the maximum output of consumer mobile phones does not cause measurable immediate effects on the human auditory system.
Results of the meta-analysis suggest that EMFs may have a small impact on human attention and working memory.
In light of this meta-analysis, we conclude that GSM-like low intensity-EMF do not seem to cause cognitive and psychomotor effects.
Overall, no increase in risk of glioma or meningioma was observed with use of mobile phones. There were suggestions of an increased risk of glioma at the highest exposure levels, but biases and error prevent a causal interpretation. The possible effects of long-term heavy use of mobile phones require further investigation.
Kompis, (2002). Electromagnetic interference of bone anchored hearing aids by cellular phones. • Nokia 3210 and Motorola dual band digital mobile phones. • BAHA classic 300 modes and BAHA compact. • 33% of people indicated presence of annoying noise.
Hayes, et al., (1997). Pacemaker interference • 980 patients with pacemakers. • Cellular telephone held over the pacemaker. • Substantial proportion of pacemakers exhibited interference in some cases leading to symptoms. • Frequency of interference or symptoms depended on type of pacemaker and type and position of cellular telephone (ear-no interference, chest-interference).
Redelmeier and Tibshirani, (1997), Motor vehicle collisions. • Case-cross over study cellular telephone calls and motor vehicle collisions. • Risk of collision four times greater when driver was using telephone or soon after a call. • Hands free mode no less risky than hand-ear mode.
Inhabitants living nearby mobile phone base stations are at risk for developing neuropsychiatric problems and some changes in the performance of neurobehavioral functions either by facilitation or inhibition. So, revision of standard guidelines for public exposure to RER from mobile phone base station antennas and using of NBTB for regular assessment and early detection of biological effects among inhabitants around the stations are recommended.
The 3D H/E fieldmeter ESM-100 is a patented, unique hand held measuring instrument. It can easily measure electric and magnetic alternating fields simultaneously, independent of their direction, and at one point. With this piece of equipment it is possible for anybody, to carry out quick, professional and error-free measurements, right from the beginning.
Recommendations Ban marketing campaigns of cellphones designed solely for children. Require proof of liability insurance coverage for potential health risks associated with cellphones and similar wireless devices prior to their being offered for sale. Review the scientific basis and adequacy of the EMF exposure limits.
Allocate research funding, independent of industry funds and influence, to evaluate long-term adverse effects from cellphones and other harmful effects from different sources of EMF, particularly where children are concerned. Finance a wide-ranging awareness campaign aimed at young people to minimize their exposures to cellphone radiation. Require warning labels on all wireless devices.
Make available maps showing exposure to high voltage power lines, radio frequency and microwaves from telecommunication masts (cell towers), radio repeaters and telephone antennas. Publish a yearly report on the level of electromagnetic radiation in our respective nations.
Bluetooth The range is several metres. The maximum transmission power may be 100 mW, but for most applications it is 1 mW. The frequency used is 2.4 GHz. This creates a handsfree Set in which the SAR in the head is considerably lower (by A factor of 100 to 1000).
Personal Actions When on a call, use a wired headset (not a wireless headset such as a Bluetooth), or use in speaker-phone mode, or send text messages. Keep the cellphone away from your body (particularly pant/trouser or shirt pockets) or use a belt holster designed to shield the body from cellphone radiation, when not in use (stand-by mode).
Avoid use in a moving car, train, bus, or in rural areas at some distance from a cell tower (AKA mast or base station) as any of these uses will increase the power of the cellphone’s radiation. Use the cellphone like an answering machine. Keep it off until you want to see who has called. Then return calls, if necessary, using steps 5 and 1. Use a corded land-line phone, whenever possible, instead of a wireless phone.
Avoid use inside of buildings, particularly with steel structures. Do not allow your children to sleep with a cellphone beneath their pillow or at the bedside. Do not allow your children under 18 to use a cellphone except in emergencies.
Tobacco • Alcohol • Diet • General environment • Hormones and medication • Occupation • Radiation • Electromagnetic fields • Infective and parasitic agents • Genetic susceptibility • Deprivation
The ESM-140 is an innovative instrument for frequency-selective registration close to the body of all relevant private-mobile-radio bands, including DECT and WLAN.
