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Essential Question : What were the important characteristics of the civilization of China?

Essential Question : What were the important characteristics of the civilization of China? Warm-Up Question : What are 2 major differences between Hinduism & Buddhism?. China.

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Essential Question : What were the important characteristics of the civilization of China?

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  1. Essential Question: • What were the important characteristics of the civilization of China? • Warm-Up Question: • What are 2 major differences between Hinduism & Buddhism?

  2. China Class Activity:Examine the placards provided & generate 3 conclusions about the geography of China & its impact on the people of this region

  3. China began along the Yellow (Huang He) & Yangtze Rivers in the North China Plain; Only 10% of China is suitable for farming The Yellow River flooding was unpredictable & was called “China’s Sorrow” because its floods often destroyed entire villages

  4. China was protected & isolated from outsiders by deserts & the Himalayan Mountains The Chinese referred to themselves as the “Middle Kingdom” & rarely traded with outsiders

  5. What were the important characteristics of the civilizations of China? • Working in groups, examine each of the 6 placards examining the characteristics of civilization in China • For each placard, write hypotheses about government, cities, technology, etc. & the confirm your theories by locating the matching “answer key” placard around the room

  6. Lasting Contributions • Advanced Cities: • Like other river valley civilizations, cities in China had high walls for protection • But, Chinese buildings were made of wood rather than brick or stone

  7. Lasting Contributions Unlike other river valley civilizations, the Chinese held peasants higher than artisans or merchants because they produced food • Specialized Workers: • ?

  8. Lasting Contributions • Government: • Like Egypt, China was ruled by families called dynasties • Ruler’s justified their power by claimingMandate ofHeaven (approval of the gods)

  9. Lasting Contributions • Government: • Kings could lose the Mandate of Heaven & be overthrown by a new king, called the Dynastic Cycle

  10. Lasting Contributions • Government: • China was also ruled by the ethical system, Confucianism • Confucianism focused on filial piety (respect for elders) • Confucius taught social order through 5 key relationships:1) ruler-subject 2) father-son 3) husband-wife 4) brother- brother & 5) friend-friend • These ideas were written down in The Analects

  11. Confucian Analects • Confucius says: Do not do unto others, what you would not want others to do to you • Confucius says: If you make a mistake and do not correct it, this is called a mistake • Confucius says: He who rules through virtue may be compared to the north polar star, which keeps its place and all the stars turn towards it

  12. Confucius would tell rulers to “Lead by example”

  13. Yin and Yang Daoism – people gain happiness & peace by living in agreement with the way of nature. • True harmony comes from balance. Yin = shaded, Yang = sunlit. Good v. BadBeauty v. UglinessPleasure v. Pain

  14. Laozi says . . . “Governing a large country is like frying a small fish. You spoil it with too much poking.” or “Be weak. Let things alone.”

  15. Legalism • Philosophy advocating the need for clear and strict laws as necessary to control human nature

  16. Legalism in Action • Civil servants – punished for doing a poor job. • People caught criticizing the govt. should be banished. For example . . . Anyone caught outside his own village without a travel permit should have their ears or nose chopped off.

  17. Set clear laws and harshly punish those who disobey them.”

  18. Lasting Contributions • Religion: • Chinese believed in ancestor worship, that the spirits of family ancestors should be honored & consulted

  19. Lasting Contributions • Writing: • Like hieroglyphics, Chinese characters stood for sounds but the 10,000 characters madeithard to learn to write

  20. Lasting Contributions • Technology: • Cast iron tools & weapons • Standardized coins • The Grand Canal connected north & south China

  21. The Great Wall was built to protect China from invasions from the North

  22. http://www.high.org/main.taf?p=3,1,1,10,10

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