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East Asia

East Asia. China, Japan, North/South Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan. China: History. China is the world’s oldest continuous civilization. The beginning of the civilization extend back into prehistory.

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East Asia

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  1. East Asia China, Japan, North/South Korea, Mongolia, and Taiwan

  2. China: History • China is the world’s oldest continuous civilization. The beginning of the civilization extend back into prehistory. • The long distance that separated China from Europe and other continents…allowed the country to follow its own direction. • China has been a settled society for 4,000 years. • In early history China was ruled by dynasties. • Dynasty is a series of rulers from the same family. • The Shang dynasty first political unit in China. Developed around the Yellow River in North China. • The Huang He (Yellow River) is recognized as one of the world’s culture hearths.

  3. China History Timeline • Shang dynasty • Zhou dynasty • Qin dynasty • Han dynasty • Tang dynasty • Song dynasty • Ming dynasty • Qing dynasty Note: There were periods of unrest and splitting of political units but these are the longest and unified dynasties in China’s history.

  4. Important Dynasties throughout Chinese History • Zhou Dynasty • Mandate of Heaven • Qin Dynasty • Gave China its name • Emperor started the Great Wall of China • Used legalism to rule • Created the Terra Cotta soldiers for his burial site. • Han Dynasty • Expanded China’s boundaries • Longest lasting dynasty besides the Zhou dynasty • Many inventions happened during this period, such as print making, paper, and farming advancements. • Ruled by Confucius principals. • Qing Dynasty • Last Chinese dynasty, created by the Manchu people • Started in 1644 and ended in 1911

  5. China: History • China remained isolated for the majority of early history. By the 13th century there were Europeans travelers, such as Marco Polo, and missionaries that went to China, but Europe did not have a huge influence until the 19th century. • Read “The Silk Road” p. 360 • During the last dynasty, Qing, there were several events involving Western that caused the collapse of the dynasties. • Opium Wars • Boxer Rebellion • Idea of “Spheres of Influence”

  6. Revolution and Change in China • After the Boxer Rebellion the Qing dynasty attempted to reform the Chinese government but it was too late. • Sun Yat-sen who led the 1911 Revolution tried to create a Republic but failed and the military took control after the dynasty fail. • WWI and WWII occurred • Two groups were formed during the wars…the nationalist, Chiang Kai-shek, and communist, Mao Zedong, parties. These two groups fought for control of China. In 1949, the Communist, under the leadership of Mao Zedong finally defeated the Nationalist. Mao and the Communist ruled mainland China from Beijing. The Nationalist fled to the island of Taiwan.

  7. Mao Zedong • “The Long March saved Mao and the Communist Party from the attacks by the Guomingdang. The Long March came about when the Chinese Communists had to flee a concerted Guomingdang attacked that had been ordered by Kai- Shek” (1934-35) • Great Leap Forward: the attempt by the People's Republic of China in 1959-60 to solve the country's economic problems by labor-intensive industrialization. • Mao’s Cultural Revolution, p. 371 • Tiananmen Square 1989 • Discuss China Research Paper • “Three Gorges Dam”

  8. China: Rich Culture • Chinese Inventions: • Paper, printing, gunpowder, compass, porcelain, and silk cloth. • Religious and Ethical Traditions: China has three major religions or ethical traditions. Read page 288 as review. • Confucianism • Taoism • Buddhism

  9. Ethnic Geography • Read “Han Colonization of China’s “Wild West””. • http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/07/10/world/20090711-xinjiang.html • Read New York Times article Questions: • What ethnic group resides in Xinjiang? • Why is their unrest?

  10. The Most Populous Country • 1,331,460,000 - 2009-One-Child Policy • “Lost Girls”

  11. China: Economy • Rural Economy: • The majority of Chinese live in rural areas…60%. • Main crops: rice, maize, wheat, and sweet potatoes. • Industrial Economy: • The heartland of industrial China is in the northeast. • Shanghai leads China as the center of manufacturing it is one of the great industrial centers in the world.

  12. 13.4 China’s Economic Geography • Read 10.4 page 290-291… “The Dragon Rises” • Read 13.4, starts on 369, and pull out three bullets from each four distinct economic national drives. • Read article and answer questions. • http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0211/feature3/map.html

  13. Mongolia and Taiwan • The histories of Mongolia and Taiwan have been closely connected to that of China.

  14. Mongolian Empire • The Mongols were nomadic herders for thousands of years. • Mongol history was changed forever by Genghis Khan (“supreme conqueror”). • When Genghis Khan died in 1227 he conquered all of Central Asia and begun the conquest of China. His son succeeded him. • The Mongol empire broke up around 1300. • Eventually the Chinese gained control of the Mongol Empire in the 17th century.

  15. Mongolia • Under the influence of its powerful neighbor Russia, Mongolia became the Mongolian People’s Republic in 1924. • For about 72 years the, the Communist ruled Mongolia; however, after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1989, the Communist Party in Mongolia lost its power. • Today, Mongolia is moving toward political democracy and free-enterprise economy. • “Wild Horses of Mongolia”

  16. Taiwan • Many prehistoric migrations from Southern China and Southeast Asia. • Malay and Polynesian peoples also settled there. • Japan seized Taiwan after winning a war with China in 1895. • Japan kept the island until World War II. The Chinese Nationalist tool control of the island as part of their fight with the Communist for control of mainland China. • Nationalist lost the war with the communist and set up their government on Taiwan. • They established the Republic of China, but the People’s Republic of China has never recognized Taiwan as a separate country and considers it a province.

  17. The Koreas: North and South • The ancestors of today’s Koreans probably migrated into the peninsula from Manchuria and North China many thousands of years ago. • Over the course of the centuries, different clans or tribes controlled different parts of the country. About 2000 BC, the first state, called Chosen, arose in Korea. • Around 100 BC, China conquered the northern half of the peninsula. This began the history of invasions by China and Japan; because of its location Korea has been a buffer state between the two countries. • By the late 330s, the Three Kingdoms were formed…also part of China’s history. • In 1392, a general named Yi Songgye became ruler of Korea; he founded a dynasty that would last hundreds of years. The dynasty ended in 1910 when Japan took control of the entire peninsula. • They ruled Korea until they were defeated in WWII.

  18. Korean War • After Japan’s defeat in the war, the northern part of Korea was controlled by the Soviet Union, and the southern half was supported by the United States. • The war started in 1950 when northern Korea invaded South Korea. • The war ended in 1953 with a treaty that divided the peninsular between the communist state of North Korea and the democratic country of South Korea.

  19. North vs. South • Create a comparison chart with your table. • Include: • Government • Type of economy (also include imports/exports) • Society…what does it look like? • Population • When finished read the “Axis of Evil” section on page 295. • Explain why North Korea is considered part of the “Axis of Evil” countries. Go into detail about North Korea’s nuclear situation. • Answer at the bottom of your chart

  20. Japan

  21. History of Japan • The original inhabitants of Japan may have come to the islands from the mainland of Asia and from the South Pacific. • Japan became isolated for almost 200 years because of Christian missionaries destroying temples and shrines. • Known as the Tokugawa Shogunate (1600-1868) • Commodore Matthew Perry in the 19th century would finally convince Japan to open its door to US trade. • During the late 19th century, Japan’s government began bringing Japan into the modern age. By the early 20th century, Japan became a major power. • Meiji Restoration • read p. 389-390

  22. Ring of Fire • Located on the Ring of Fire • “Living on the Ring of Fire” p. 384 • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ow665JgGqQ • Discovery Atlas: Japan

  23. Economy • Japan’s “Miracle” • Read 14.3-14.5 • Create a one 1-2 page outline on these sections. • Use the correct outline format! • Typed, 12 font, double spaced • Due Wednesday or Thursday

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