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Comprehensive Wind Turbine Control Overview

Explore wind turbine control systems and processes, from static to dynamic control, supervisory control, fault diagnosis, and dynamic control theory implementation. Learn about typical operation modes and control issues specific to turbines.

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Comprehensive Wind Turbine Control Overview

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  1. WIND TURBINE CONTROL Wind Energy Explained Chapter 8, pp. 359-406 (*figures from text) David Peters

  2. 8.1 Introduction • Things to control statically: • storage of wind speed measurements • health usage monitoring • release parking brake • blade pitch settings • electrical contacts to power grid

  3. Things to control dynamically: • blade collective and cyclic pitch • nacelle yaw angle • generator torque • rotor RPM • rotor shutdown in high winds

  4. Examples of control systems

  5. 10kW Bergey Excel

  6. Lagerwey LW18/80

  7. ESI-80

  8. Vestas V47-660/200 kW

  9. Enron Wind 750i

  10. 8.2 Overview of Wind Turbine • Control Systems • 8.2.1 Basic turbine model • aerodynamics • rotor inertia • shaft flexibility • brake torque • drive train inertia • electrical torque

  11. 8.2.2 Control system components • controller • amplifier • actuator • plant model • sensors

  12. 8.2.3 Control of turbine processes • aerodynamic torque • generator torque • brake torque • yaw orientation

  13. 8.3 Typical Grid-connected • Turbine Operation • 8.3.1 Constant-speed operating systems • stall-regulated • two-speed stall regulated • active pitch regulated

  14. 8.3.2 Variable-speed operating systems • stall-regulated • active pitch regulated • passive pitch regulated

  15. 8.4 Supervisory Control • Overview • 8.4.1 Supervisory control-system • overview • safety • reporting • monitoring operation • managing operation • emergency systems

  16. 8.4.2a Operating states-coming on line • system check • ready for operation • start and brake release • grid connection • power production

  17. 8.4.2b Operating States-coming off line • grid disconnection • freewheeling • shutdown • emergency shutdown

  18. 8.4.3 Fault diagnosis • 8.4.4 Implementation • hardware logic control • electrical logic control • computer control

  19. 8.4.5 Fail-safe backup systems • grid loss • controller failure • independent emergency shutdown • independent hardware shutdown

  20. 8.5 Dynamic Control Theory • and Implementation • 8.5.1 - Purpose of dynamic control • (example of yaw) • proportional gain (bring to desired value) • rate gain (stop at desired value) • integral gain (account for static disturbances) • choice of gains for stability and performance

  21. 8.5.2 Dynamic control system design • methodologies • classical control • adaptive control • optimal control • genetic control • system models • physically based • system identification

  22. 8.5.3 Control issues specific to turbines 1. types of disturbances 2. response t disturbances

  23. 8.5.3 Control issues specific to turbines 3. resonances 4. speed ratio issues 5. transitions

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