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Gender and Leadership in the External Environment of the Firm. Susan Trussler University of Scranton. The Issue. What is the likelihood of women rising to leadership within the firm in various countries?
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Gender and Leadership in the External Environment of the Firm Susan Trussler University of Scranton
The Issue • What is the likelihood of women rising to leadership within the firm in various countries? • Most work focused on the issues of leadership and gender in the internal context of the firm. • I believe that we need to pay more attention to the role of women leaders in the external environment of the firm in motivating and mentoring women.
How Many versus How Long? • Age of influence: teens vs forties • If you grow up with female leaders in various public realms then an increased probability of you thinking it possible to take on leadership role • Pfl(firm)= Pfl(-20yrs)+ Pfl(-10yrs) + Plf(now)
Women Leaders in the Political Environment • Both elected and appointed serve as role models • Variations in numbers of women in significant political roles • 57 countries have had female heads of gov’t. • % of lower house female highs in Northern Europe (>30%) lows in Middle East and SW Asia(<5%)
What can we learn about probability of female political leadership? • Democracy vs Monarchy vs Both (UK versus Japan) • Family Ties (I. Ghandi, B. Bhutto) • Length of suffrage • Cultural influences: Religion • Socio-Economic influences: Education
Religion / Cultural • Positive and Negative influences • Probability of exposure to female religious leaders as a positive influence • Christianity> others • Protestant> Catholic • Fundamentalism and conservatism <
Female Leadership in Socio-Cultural Realm • Role of Media in today’s world • Fact vs Fiction • News vs Soaps • Sports and athletes
Leadership in Education • Not just female educational levels • Probability of encountering female leadership decreases with level of education • Mentoring
So What? • Influences on development of women leaders derive from many realms external to the firm • Influences are interrelated • Encouraging study of these influences and their relationships to one another and to the firm, will not only help us understand the status quo of women’s leadership, but should also help us identify how and where to enhance the development of female business leaders.