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Valena Berry and Rachel

Valena Berry and Rachel. Chaitén Volcanic Eruption of 2008. Valena Berry and Rachel Kenney. Southern Chilean Andres, South America 6.21 miles NE of the town of Chaitén on the Gulf of Corcovado. Location. Elliptical Caldera: 1.55 x 2.49 miles wide Summit Elevation: 3,681 Ft.

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Valena Berry and Rachel

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  1. Valena Berry and Rachel Chaitén Volcanic Eruption of 2008 Valena Berry and Rachel Kenney

  2. Southern Chilean Andres, South America 6.21 miles NE of the town of Chaitén on the Gulf of Corcovado Location

  3. Elliptical Caldera: 1.55 x 2.49 miles wide Summit Elevation: 3,681 Ft. Last eruption: 9,400 yrs ago. The Chaitén Volcano

  4. Caldera and Dome

  5. Ash plume rose over 13.05 miles in altitude and drifted SSE. Lightning storm with eruption. Dubbed a ‘Dirty Thunderstorm’. Ashfall continued to occur daily in large plumes through to the 6th of May. The Initial Eruption: May 2nd

  6. May 2nd: Government declared state of emergency and evacuated several hundred people from the town of Chaitén 6.21 miles SE of the volcano. May 3rd through the 6th: reported 4,000 to 5,000 people evacuated from Chaitén and surrounding area. May 5th: evacuation of Futaleufú, 40.4 miles ESE, took place. ~11.81 inches of ash had accumulated. One elderly person died during the evacuation. Evacuation: May 2nd Through 6th

  7. A new lava dorm growth on the large one within the caldera. 24th of May, observation of a vigorous explosion from the old dome and the new dome overtakes it in height. Ash plumes continue to rise, but only 1.86 to 3.11 miles in height. May 6th through the 31st

  8. Early in the month, ash and steam plumes rose to 4.35 miles in altitude. 6,200 acres of forest to the N and NE sides burned by pyroclastic flows and lateral explosions. Early June 2008

  9. Ash plumes remain at 1.86 miles in altitude. Lahars overtake drainages during June 27th and 28th, especially in the Chaitén and Amarrillo rivers. Late June 2008

  10. Town of Chaitén: May 9th, 2008

  11. After Effects • Agriculture Impacts • Main concerns: Lahars and Tephra • Farm Land Area Affected: • Effects: Good and Bad • Livestock • Death: Livestock buried in pastures • Skin Fungal infections • Accelerated wear on teeth and gums • Government provided farm-recovery funds

  12. After Effects • Structural Damage • Urban and Rural Communities: • Individual town: Futeleufú • 300mm ash (11.81 inches) • Disrupted water, electricity, transportation, and telecommunication. • Residential/commercial damage: • Gutters • Roof cladding corrosion • Structural roof damage • Internal ash contamination • Hydro-electric dams • Bridges destroyed by lahars • Aviation • Mass flight cancellations • Closed airports • Ash in airspace weeks after • Turbine damage

  13. Causes Volcanic Lightning Storm: How do they form? • A “shear layer” of intense horizontal winds and “updraught” from the volcano create multiple vortices that counter-rotate. • Eddies form inside, because of instability • Expanding umbrella becomes cooler on the outside and denser than the surrounding air • Supercells form within the updraught as well as precipitation Fun Fact: Miller experiment Faulting: • Sitting on an active secondary fault • Mostly strike-slip faulting • Possibly the cause of the eruption

  14. After Effects • Continuing Activity by August 2008: • 120 m Lava dome • Earthquakes at summit • Boulders avalanching into crater • Volcano degassing/ash

  15. December 5, 2008

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