PRECISION ARMAMENTS LABORATORY

1. PRECISION ARMAMENTS LABORATORY William R. Smith Director, Fuze and Precision Armaments Technology Directorate 973-724-7258 william.r.smith6@us.army.mil Glenn Miner Chief (Acting), Munition Sensors and Guidance Technology Division 973-724-2226 glenn.miner@us.army.mil Mark Woolley Facility & Test Manager Precision Armaments Laboratory 973-724-2460 mark.woolley@us.army.mil

2. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Overview • Mission: • • Study weather effects on electronic sensors/seekers and • other electronic devices performance • Sensor/system evaluation and experimentation • Target and clutter phenomenology • Data collection for predictive modeling and algorithm development Facility Characteristics: • • 215 Foot Tower • Outdoor platforms every 40 ft • Enclosed Lab at 200 ft level • • Base Laboratory Building • Three Dedicated Target Areas • 45m, 700m, and 1280m • Other ranges available • Urban Clutter environment available • Programmable Elevator Laboratories • Variable rates from 1 to 350 ft/min • Stationary heights within 0.1 feet • Meteorological instrumentation at tower, each target site and an intermediate site • Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, Wind Speed/Direction, Solar Radiation, Rain/Snow sizes/rates, Cloud Height/Thickness • Remote and autonomous elevator and unit under test (UUT) operation by computer controlled network • Laboratory-grade Infrared (IR) Camera Capability • Short-Wave IR – .9 to 1.7 microns • Mid Wave IR – 3 to 5 microns • Long-Wave IR – 8 to 12 microns • Laboratory-grade Millimeter Wave RADAR Capability • Ka-Band System – fc = 36.75 GHz • W-Band System – fc = 94 GHz

3. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Unique Features & Benefits • Weather Diversity - Northern New Jersey location provides broad diversity of adverse weather conditions (rain, snow, sleet, fog, etc - Higher probability of conducting data collections during adverse weather • Automated “Weather Activated” Test Capability - Measurements automatically triggered by preselected weather events - Ensures customer data collection during the requested weather state, no matter when the weather phenomenon occurs - Unattended data collection provides significant cost savings to the customer - Remote operation allows for automation setup when away from facility • Programmable Laboratory Elevators - Allows for dynamic measurements - Climate controlled - Manual or automatic operation for precise positioning at variable speeds - Teflon coated rack and pinion gearing assures reliable adverse weather operation

4.     Dedicated Target Sites: Available with power, communication/data links & MET devices in high clutter environments. (1) Short Range 45m (2) Mid-Range 700m (3) Long Range 1280m (4) Intermediate 640m (Additional locations available) Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Unique Features & Benefits • Dedicated, Integrated Target Areas - Fiber-optic linked for automated signal collection (target and clutter data) - Dedicated meteorological instrumentation - Wide variety of complex backgrounds (i.e. woodland clutter, urban) - Tower located on mountain ridge provides elevations up to 400 feet relative to the mid and long range sites • Russian 2S3 Howitzer Surrogate Targets - Located at all target areas - Provide RADAR and IR signatures - Remote operation and ground truth data collection •Laboratory-grade Short, Mid, & Long-wave IR Sensors - Provide means for customer to baseline prototype data against refined, calibrated data - In-house studies on IR sensor performance effects inflicted by adverse weather can be performed

5. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Unique Features & Benefits • Fully Integrated Advanced Meteorological Instrumentation - Capable of Basic Measurements such as temperature, humidity, wind, pressure and Advance Measurements such as solar radiation and position, particulate size and density, cloud height and thickness - Continuous automated measurements for experiment control TOWER SHORT RANGE, MID RANGE, REMOTE MET SITE LONG RANGE TARGET SITES SITE Wind Speed Wind Direction Temperature Humidity Pressure Rain/snow rate Soil Moisture Soil Temperature Wind Speed Wind Direction Temperature Humidity Pressure Rain/snow rate Visibility Wind Speed Wind Direction Temperature Humidity Pressure Rain/snow rate Snow Depth Soil Moisture Soil Temperature Cloud Height/Thickness (Ceilometer) Solar Radiation (Pyranometer 1) Total Radiance (Pyranometer 2) Norm Incid Solar Rad (Pyrheliometer) Visibility Distrometer Aero Spectrometer

6. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Instrumentation Infrared (IR) Sensor Suite • Long-wave IR (LWIR) Specs • Merlin Uncooled Microbolometer Detector • 8 – 12 micron • 50mm and 200mm Focal Lengths • 18x14deg and 4.7x3.5deg FOV • f/1.3 • 320 x 240 resolution array • Mid-wave IR (MWIR) Specs • Pheonix InSb Detector • 3 – 5 micron • 60mm, 180mm, and 500mm Focal Lengths • 15.2x12.2deg, 5.1x4.1deg and 1.8x1.5deg FOV • f/4.1 • 640 x 512 resolution array • Near IR (NIR) Specs • FLIR InGaAs Detector • .9 – 1.7 micron • 100mm and 500mm Focal Lengths • f/4 • 640 x 512 resolution array • Pulnix CV-M4+ Visible Monochrome Camera • - .380 – 1 micron

7. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory LWIR Snapshots Short Range Site @ 200mm focal length Mid Range Site @ 200mm focal length Long Range Site @ 200mm focal length

8. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory MWIR Snapshots Short Range Site @ 60mm focal length Short Range Site @ 180mm focal length Short Range Site @ 500mm focal length

9. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory MWIR Snapshots Mid Range Site @ 60mm focal length Mid Range Site @ 180mm focal length Mid Range Site @ 500mm focal length

10. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory MWIR Snapshots Long Range Site @ 60mm focal length Long Range Site @ 180mm focal length Long Range Site @ 500mm focal length

11. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory NIR Snapshots Short Range Site @ 100mm focal length Short Range Site @ 500mm focal length

12. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory NIR Snapshots Mid Range Site @ 100mm focal length Mid Range Site @ 500mm focal length

13. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory NIR Snapshots Long Range Site @ 100mm focal length Long Range Site @ 500mm focal length

14. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Russian 2S3 Surrogate Target Information Precision Armaments Laboratory • 152mm Self-propelled Gun/Howitzer M-1973 (2S3) • Surrogate provides a good Radar/IR signature likeness • 4 available • 1 at Short range site • 2 at Mid range site • 1 at Long range site • Various aspect angles available upon request * Red area indicate adjustable heating zones. Removable road wheels also have this capability.

15. Munitions Sensors & Guidance Technology Group Precision Armaments Laboratory Supported Projects/Customers ● CERDEC (Fort Monmouth) Drop Test • Drop test for Aerial Canopy Sensor Delivery System (ACSDS) • Data gathering and analysis of the ACSDS aerobody’s flight dynamics ● Northrup Grumman Test Service Agreement (TSA) • Laser Radar (LADAR) sensor test • Analyzed sensor performance in relevant dynamic environment with M1A1 target ● Mid-Range Munition (MRM) Sensor Test (Raytheon) • Tested performance of Semi-Active Laser (SAL) Designator and Seeker in relevant environment ● Common Smart Submunition (CSS) Sensor Test (Textron) • Tested performance of LADAR and Infrared sensors in relevant environment with various target sets ● Visible to Near Infrared Hyperspectral (HS VNIR) Test (ARDEC & ARL) • Study the effects of adverse weather on VNIR HS imagery for algorithm development ● Polar Radio Frequency (RF) Test (ARDEC) • Study effects of grazing or refracting propagation on the wave front, field strength, and polarization of a directional reference electromagnetic RF field for possible application to the POLAR concept using an RF (X-band 10GHz) Polarized Angular Orientation Sensor ● 30mm Spotter Round (ARDEC) • Tested various environmental friendly options to illuminate a 30mm spotter round and recorded results over extended ranges ● Flameless Tracer Round Study (ARDEC) • Collect data via physical observations and visual camera to study the amount of illumination given by eye safe LED arrays with different numbers of LEDs and configurations over extended ranges ● Infrared “Coating” Test (ARDEC) • Obtain a set of measurements to study the affects of a Near Infrared signatures of concrete with applied special coatings with respect to the diurnal cycle ● Polarimetric Sensor Test (ARDEC & ARL) • Study the effects of adverse weather on mid and long-wave polarimetric imagery for sensor and algorithm development and testing ● Optical Augmentation Test (ARDEC) • Measure and study mean-time-to-failure and detection capabilities of various optical augmentation technologies that offer a unique, “prior to fire” solution to defeating threats of snipers and improvised explosive devices