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2010 -

High purity water production over the years. 2010 -. Ultra Filtration. RO. FEDI TM. 2006 - 2009. Pretreatment. 2 Pass RO. EDI. 1995 - 2005. Pretreatment. RO. Mixed Bed. up to 1980. Pretreatment. Cation/Anion. Mixed Bed. Advantages of EDI over Mixed Bed Technology.

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2010 -

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  1. High purity water production over the years 2010 - Ultra Filtration RO FEDITM 2006 - 2009 Pretreatment 2 Pass RO EDI 1995 - 2005 Pretreatment RO Mixed Bed up to 1980 Pretreatment Cation/Anion Mixed Bed

  2. Advantages of EDI over Mixed Bed Technology • Eliminates harsh treatment chemicals • Green Technology • Bulk chemical storage not required • Safety Considerations • Eliminates need for regeneration • Continuous operation; improved quality • Simple to operate • Regeneration system not required • Lower operating cost • Modular equipment, scalable • Smaller footprint, could be made mobile

  3. Advantages of EDI over Mixed Bed Technology Continuous, Simple Operation Mixed-bed Batch Processing EDI Continuous Processing 18.2 MOhm.cm MOhm.cm EDI delivers16 to 18Mohm.cm watercontinuously Time Time • Reduced installation and commissioning time • No complex operating procedures • Eliminates batch processing • Provides consistent product water quality on a continuous basis • Operator Intervention is not required

  4. Advantages of EDI over Mixed Bed Technology

  5. Introduction to EDI

  6. Limitations of Conventional EDI Technology • Limited hardness tolerance • Frequent cleaning • Reduced System Reliability • Softener or 2nd pass RO: increased Capex & Opex • Needs higher feed pressure – counter flow • Limited ability to handle high conductivity & CO2

  7. FEDI – Fractional Electrodeionization The Next Generation of EDI

  8. EDI Technology vs. FEDI® Technology

  9. FEDI® Two Stage Process • 1st Stage :- Hardness Removal Zone • Low electrical driving force • Strongly ionized impurities removed (Ca++, Mg++, Na+, SO4- -,Cl -) • Reject pH acidic, eliminates scaling • Prepares weekly ionized impurities for stage 2 removal • 2 nd Stage :- Silica Removal Zone • Higher electrical driving force • Creates water splitting • Results in highly regenerated resin • Results in alkaline reject pH • Balance monovalent & weakly ionized impurities removed (Silica, Boron, CO2)

  10. What is FEDI®? Fractional ElectroDeIonization

  11. FEDI® Two Stage Process Typical Example Parameter Feed Stage-1 outlet Stage-2 Outlet Feed Conductivity Equivalent (µS/cm) 40 4 < 0.1 pH 6.5 7.4 6.8 – 7.2 Hardness (ppm) 3.0 <0.30 Nil SiO2 & CO2 (ppm) 1.0 0.50 Nil

  12. FEDI®- 2 Process Flow Diagram

  13. FEDI®- Typical Operating Parameters

  14. Applications of FEDI® Power Industry Pharmaceutical Industry Semiconductor Industry

  15. FEDI® Stack

  16. FEDI®-Power Plant Operational Performance Conductivity 2011 Conductivity 2012

  17. FEDI®-Power Plant Operational Performance Silica rejection 2011 Silica Rejection 2012

  18. FEDI®-Power Plant Operational Performance Pressure Drop 2011 Pressure Drop 2012

  19. FEDI®-Power Plant Operational Performance GES –ONE YEAR TRENDING DATA

  20. Kishon Power, Israel Capacity: 150 m3/hr

  21. FEDI in Power Generation Capacity: 2 x 22.7 m3/hr

  22. THANK YOU

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