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Masculine Nouns, Adjectives, and Demonstratives

Masculine Nouns, Adjectives, and Demonstratives. Czech 403. Mužský rod. What are the most important parameters? Hard vs. soft Animate vs. inanimate Virile vs. non-virile. Hard stems can end in: b, d, f, g, h, ch, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, z Hard –a: student a Hard –ě: na papíř e

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Masculine Nouns, Adjectives, and Demonstratives

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  1. Masculine Nouns, Adjectives, and Demonstratives Czech 403

  2. Mužský rod • What are the most important parameters? • Hard vs. soft • Animate vs. inanimate • Virile vs. non-virile

  3. Hard stems can end in: b, d, f, g, h, ch, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, z Hard –a: studenta Hard –ě: na papíře Hard –o: hrdino Hard –u: ke stolu Hard –y: stoly Soft stems can end in: b, c, č, ď, j, l, m, ň, p, ř, s, š, ť, v, z, ž Soft –ě: malíře Soft –i: v koši Soft –ě: soudce Soft –i: ke koši Soft –ě: koše Tvrdé a měkké vzory

  4. Životné: DLsg -ovi Gsg -a Asg -a (= Gsg) Npl -i NB!: d>ď, t>ť, n>ň, r>ř, k>c, h/g>z, ch>š, sk>šť, ck>čť Neživotné: DLsg -u, -ě Gsg -u, -a Asg -Ø (= Nsg) Npl -y Životné a neživotné vzory

  5. Virile: –a/-ě Hard: turista, hrdina Sg: like fem –a, except DLsg –ovi Pl: like masc anim, but Npl –é, -ové Soft: soudce, zachránce Like hard, except Npl -i Non-virile: -Ø Virile vs. non-virile

  6. Two rules of thumb… • Gpl is always • –ů • Dpl is always • -ům

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