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The SMRD subdetector at the T2K near detector station

The SMRD subdetector at the T2K near detector station. Marcin Ziembicki representing the SMRD working group of the T2K collaboration. SMRD working group members.

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The SMRD subdetector at the T2K near detector station

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  1. The SMRD subdetector at the T2K near detector station Marcin Ziembicki representing the SMRD working group of the T2K collaboration

  2. SMRD working group members J. Brinson, B. Ellison, R. Gould, B. Hartfiel, N. Kulkarni, T. Kutter, J. Liu, W. Metcalf, M. Nauman, J. Nowak, J. Reid, D. Smith Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, USA D. Warner Department of Physics, Colorado State University, USA I. Danko, D. Naples, D. Northacker, V. Paolone Department of Astronomy and Physics, University of Pittsburgh, USA L. Golyshkin, A. Izmaylov, M. Khabibullin, A. Khotjantsev, Y. Kudenko, O. Mineev, E. Shabalin, N. Yershov Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia S. Aoki, T. Hara, A.T. Suzuki, T. Yano Kobe University, Japan D. Kielczewska, M. Posiadala Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Poland M. Dziewiecki, R. Kurjata, J. Marzec, K. Zaremba, M. Ziembicki Institute of Radioelectronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland J. Blocki, A. Dabrowska, M. Sienkiewicz, M. Stodulski, A. Straczek, J. Swierblewski, T. Wachala, A. Zalewska H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Poland T. Kozlowski, J. Lagoda, P. Mijakowski, P. Przewlocki, E. Rondio, R. Sulej, M. Szeptycka A. Soltan Institute of Nuclear Studies, Poland J. Holeczek, J. Kisiel, T. Szeglowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Poland J. Sobczyk, J. Zmuda Institute of Theoretical Physics, Wroclaw University, Poland

  3. T2K Overview • Measurement of 13 through eappearance • Precise measurement of 23 and Δm223 through μ disappearance Kamioka Tokai 295 km Super-K 22.5 kt (FV) J-PARC Main Ring 750kW 30 GeV PS

  4. ND280 Off-Axis Detector • UA1/NOMAD CERNmagnetoperated at ≤0.2 T magnetic field • Fine Grained Detector (FGD) • Measure  beam flux, E spectrum, flavor composition through CC -interactions • Backgrounds CC-1 • Measure backgrounds/pion cross section • Water and scintillator target • Time Projection Chamber (TPC) • Measure charged particle momentum, particle ID via dE/dx • Pi-Zero Detector (P0D) • Optimized for NC 0 measurement • Measure e contamination • Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) • Photon detection (from 0) in P0D and tracker • Side Muon Range Detector (SMRD) • Measure momentum for lateral muons • Cosmic rays trigger SMRD  beam TRACKER SMRD ALL detectors installed (except barrel ECAL) Status: COMMISSIONING

  5. SMRD – Concept & Tasks • Measure muon momenta and angle from  interactions (with large angle to the beam) • Cosmic trigger for the calibration of the inner detectors • Beam monitor function is being studied 1.5E+6 interactions expected in the first year 100k will give events with hits in SMRD • Background rejection Modules: • Horizontal (4 counters each) • Vertical (5 counters each) • Total of 440 modules (2008 counters)

  6. SMRD Counters Chemical reflector Scintillator:Polystyrene1.5% PTP0.01% POPOP S-shaped grooves with WLS fibers (Kuraray Y-11, S-type, 2.12 m length) Special end-caps on both ends Light-tight enclosure & stainless steel containers

  7. cm p.e. cm Cosmic muon tests Light Yield (single counter) • L.Y. (sum of both ends)  25-50 p.e. (center, T=20-22 C) • Spatial resolution x = 6.1  0.8 cm • MIP detection efficiency > 99.9% SMRD Limit:L.Y.(sumof both ends) > 20 p.e./MIP at 20C L.Y. (center, 1000 counters) Time Resolution & Delay(single counter) cm TDC cm TDC step50 ps

  8. SMRD Modules Optical connector with MPPC:- Hamamatsu 667-pixel device, - active area: 1.3x1.3 mm2, - pixel size 50x50 μm2, - bias voltage ~70 V, - gain ~7.5x105 Aluminum profiles & fixing springs Scintillators in light tight, stainless steel enclosure Temperature sensor (DS18B20), (2 per module, opposite sides)

  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Installation UA1 Magnet: • 16 C-shaped elements (8 rings) • 16 48-mm thick iron plates for each C • 17-mm air gaps Installation tools Springs Aluminum profiles Fixing Requirements: • Feasible installation • No movement once installed • Protection from earthquakes

  10. 2) 3) 1) 4) 5) Installation (cont’d) Installation summary: • March  July 2009 • All modules tested after installation 99.8% WORKING

  11. Signal Readout Used by SMRD High gain channel Low gain channel Trip-t Front-End Board (TFB) • Four Trip-t chips • 64 channels per board • HV for sensors • Timestamping • Possibility of channel pairing • Global trigger primitives signaling FPGA

  12. MPPC Issues Example response Quenching resistor Signal proportional to light intensity, single photon ‘steps’ APD pixel in Geiger mode 2 p.e. 1 p.e. 0 p.e. Gain  105106 Gain vs Voltage vs Temp. • Small, insensitive to magnetic fields • Relatively new sensor • extensive testing was necessary(revealed excellent sensor quality) • nobody used it for long period (several years) • Parameters highly dependent on temperature Monitoring required

  13. On-Line Monitoring Basic requirements • Real time information analysis • Raising diagnostic (Audio-visual) alarms • Providing preliminary help for non-experts On-going work • Channel histograms • Gain & dark rates • Temperature data • Per-channel history • Detailed alarms • Threshold settings • Physics data quality monitoring

  14. all hits hits in coincidence Reconstruction • Select pairs of hits in coincidence window ~25ns(max. time of the signal propagation through the fibre, plus est. time readout uncertainty) • Reconstruct hit position(only z-axis, along the scintillator, based on the time difference) • Cosmic tracks – 3D fit to the reconstructed hits (Principal Component Analysis, straight line) • Various reconstruction approaches are being pursued for beam events. ND280 software v7r5

  15. ReconstructionMonte Carlo Study no. of tracks Reconstruction Error(maximum distance of the reconstructed track to the real track) m track bent, poor fit distance (mm) Straight m track, good fit Example 1 Side view Front view Example 2 ND280 software v6r1

  16. Cosmic muon trigger • Purpose: • Test and calibration (SMRD & inner detectors) • Based on signals from SMRD • Also the downstream ECAL and first layers of P0D are used • Trigger algorithm: • Signals from both sides of the scintillator (coincidence gate: 30 ns) • At least two such coincidences from one tower • Signals from two (or more) towers from different walls (coincidence gate: 200 ns, because of the flight time)

  17. Cosmic Muon Trigger Simulation • Steps of the simulation: • Muon flux on the Earth surface • Propagation through the rock surrounding the pit • Propagation through the detector • Simulation of the electronic signals • Applying of the trigger conditions ND280 simulation packagebased on GEANT 4 Preliminary studies show cosmics simulation and data to agree well Simulation can be usedfor both closed and openmagnet positions

  18. Summary • Installation complete in July 2009 • On-line monitoring partially done • Data taking seems to work, already reconstructed cosmic muons tracks • Current efforts: • Monitoring beam structure • Reconstruction (different approaches) • Simulation • Cosmic trigger • Calibration • Slow control

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