“ The World We Create ” NATS 101 Section 6 4/13/10 Welcome to class! Projects due today

1. “The World We Create” NATS 101 Section 6 4/13/10 Welcome to class! Projects due today Please have a blank sheet of paper and pencil ready for today’s lesson.

2. UNIT 4: A world of drugs, a blessing or a curse? TODAY’S GOAL:Understand what a drug is and how drugs work.

3. Your Ideas • A word will appear on the center of the page; • You will have 5 seconds to write down the first thing you think of. Word: • Save that! Drug

4. So, what is a drug? • What do you think? • On the same piece of paper, write your definition; • Share with your group members and choose the best of the group. You have 5 minutes

5. Definition Drug: A substance other than food intended to affect the structure or function of the body.

6. Name ‘em! • Each person – You have 20 seconds to list as many drugs as you know. • Combine the lists, crossing out duplicates to form a new list. • In your groups – organize the new list into at least 3 different categories. How did you classify your drugs?

7. Our Government Chooses… • OTC (Over the counter) – drugs which may be purchased with minimal restrictions. • Prescription – drugs which require a written note from a licensed health care professional. • Recreational – drugs which are used without medical justification and often for their psychoactive qualities.

8. How do drugs work? • Our cells interact with substances in our body via “RECEPTORS”. • Receptor– a protein which acts as a lock on a cell.

9. How do drugs work? • Signals bind to receptors to alter the function of a specific cell. • Signal – a hormone or other natural substance which acts as the key to that receptor.

10. How do drugs work? • Drugs mimic the signalsin our bodies, or the body of a pathogen, to lock, unlock, or change the receptors to a cell for a specific function. Signal Drug

11. COX – 2 = Receptorpain activators = signal Drug mimics SIGNAL Ibuprofen INHIBITSCOX – 2 • Result: • Pain is reduced • Muscles do not swell OTC – How does it work? • Ibuprofen (DRUG) • NSAIDs – non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs • Used for reduction of: Fever, Pain, Inflammation.

12. Prescription Drugs: How does it work? Paxil: Antidepressant Serotonin= Signal (Regulates Mood, Appetite, Sleep)

13. Prescription Drugs: How does it work? Paxil: Antidepressant Drug: Inhibits the re-uptake of serotonin, increasing its concentration and effects.

14. Acetylcholine = Signal (Controls release of a variety of chemicals in the brain) Drug Mimics the Signal Recreational drugs:how does it work? • Nicotine: Psychoactive effects; • Used to induce feelings of: Relaxation, Sharpness, Calmeness, Alertness, Loss of appetite.

15. Back to the ‘d’ word! **What was the first thing you wrote down after seeing the mystery word?** Was your overall impression of the word ‘drug’ positive or negative? Why do you think so? • Take a few minutes to discuss in your groups how your image of the word ‘drug’ applies to one or more of the following categories: • Social • Political • Economical • Religious • Health

16. WHAT IS IT? Drug abuse vs. Drug addiction

17. Abuse or Addiction? 1. Jessica is a 23 year old graduate who takes 45 mg of Adderall every day, because she feels it makes her focus better (not prescribed by a doctor). Recently, she has suffered from irregular heartbeat and hostility outbursts. is this drug abuse or drug addiction?

18. Addiction! Why?

19. Abuse or Addiction? 2. Sam, is a college student that takes 150 mg of Adderall whenever he has an exam although the recommended dose by his doctor was 25 mg for his ADHD treatment. is this drug abuse or drug addiction?

20. Abuse! Why?

21. DrugAbuse Definition: The use of illegal drugs or the inappropriate use of legal drugs. The repeated use of drugs to produce pleasure, to alleviate stress, or to alter or avoid reality (or all three).

22. Drug Addiction Definition: A pathological or abnormal condition which arises due to frequent use of a drug. The disorder of addiction involves the continued compulsive use of drugs in spite of adverse health or social consequences.

23. Abuse vs. Addiction The Four C’s of Addiction: • Loss of Control; • Compulsivedrug use; • Cravings for drug; • Continued use despite negative consequences.

24. Abuse or Addiction? Molly calls her friend terrified because she thinks that she sees spiders crawling under the wallpaper. She tells her friend that there are thousands of them and they are trying to break through so they can attack her. She tells her friend that she has taken a drug. Her friend knows that Molly often takes this drug. She usually experiences no negative consequences from taking the drug on a regular basis. She had never had to be hospitalized for the side effects of the drug that she takes. After the effects of the drug wear off she is fine and back to her normal self.

25. Abuse Addiction? Molly Drug abuse and drug addiction can be thought of as points along a continuum: • Abstinence • Experimentation • Social/Recreational • Habituation • Abuse • Addiction

26. Tolerance What do you know about tolerance to drugs? Explain in your own words what tolerance is. Take a 2 minutes to discuss this topic with your group members.

27. Tolerance Definition: Condition that may follow repeated ingestion of a drug in so that the effect produced by the original dose no longer occurs.

28. Activity time! Your TA will divide each group into two equal halves. This is going to be a competition to see who can last the longest in a game of risk. You have 15 minutes to continue to the end of the game.

29. Activity The different rounds represented your increased tolerance for a drug, and the associated increase in risk-taking. High tolerance can easily lead to overdoses, especially of illicit drugs. What did this activity have to do with the topic of drugs?

30. Wrap up What's a drug? What are three categories of drugs? What is tolerance? What is the difference between addiction and abuse? Are drugs a good or bad thing?