1 / 15

Power Plant Turbines

Power Plant Turbines. P M V Subbarao Associate Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi. A Techno-economically feasible model for large Power Plants…………. Using the steam to make the Power !. Rotating the shaft is the ultimate goal of any power plant.

naida
Download Presentation

Power Plant Turbines

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Power Plant Turbines P M V Subbarao Associate Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi A Techno-economically feasible model for large Power Plants…………..

  2. Using the steam to make the Power ! • Rotating the shaft is the ultimate goal of any power plant. • As you have probably noticed, from the text and pictures on Steam Generators, there is no shaft. • Which leads to the question: "now that you have all this super energized steam or Gas, how do you get work from it ? " A boilers / Combustor is only one part of a larger operation, granted, it's a large part but most important part of the operation is it's ability to apply all this steam power.

  3. The Steam Turbine • The more modern method of extracting mechanical energy from thermal energy is the steam turbine. • Steam turbines have been the norm in various land based power plants for many years. • Motive power in a steam turbine is obtained by the rate of change in momentum of a jet of steam impinging on a curved blade which is free to rotate. • The steam is (partially or fully) expanded in a nozzle, resulting in the emission of a high/medium/low velocity jet. • This jet of steam impinges on the moving vanes or blades, mounted on a shaft. • Here it undergoes a change of direction and/or magnitude of motion which gives rise to a change in momentum and therefore a force.

  4. Generation of Motive Power Through Newton’s Second Law Vi U Freaction Ve Work is said to be done by a system iff The sole effect external to the system can be reduced to raising of weight

  5. Ve Vi Analysis of Simple Stationary Impulse Blade • Consider a stationary 180 degree curved blade. • A jet with a velocity Vi incidence on the blade. • The blade deflects the jet along its surface and finally the jet leaves with a velocity Ve. • The magnitude of velocity vector remains unchanged. • However, the direction changes through 180 degrees. • Ve = - Vi • The change in velocity : - 2 Vi. • A jet with a finite mass flow rate will experience a rate of change of momentum, FA: FA FR The force acting on the blade: However, this force cannot develop any motive power.

  6. Analysis of Simple Moving Impulse Blade Vre = -Vri Vae = Vre -U U Vri = Vai - U Vai

  7. Kinetic power lost by the jet : Power lost by jet = Power gained by the Blade Initial Power of the jet : Thermodynamic efficiency of an impulse blade : An efficient impulse blade is bulky …… Suitable for Dense fluids…

  8. Analysis of Simple Reaction Blade U Vai Vri Vre Vae Change in velocity : Motive Power Generated:

  9. Motive Power Generated: Thermodynamic efficiency of a Reaction blade : A compact Reaction blade is inefficient ……Suitable for Thin fluids…

  10. Vre Vae U Vri Vai Simple Impulse-Reaction Blade Jet will lose power both by Impulse and Reaction. One important and essential element in all these cases is a nozzle.

  11. How To Provide A Mass Flow Rate • Area for Flow of Fluid. • Proportional to the Length of the Blade. • More Number of Blade Spacings.

  12. Theory of Turbine Blading BY Dr. P M V Subbarao Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi

  13. U Vri Vai Vai Inlet Velocity Triangle U Vae Vre Exit Velocity Triangle Vri U Vre

  14. U bi ae ai be Vai Vae Vri Vre Vai: Inlet Absolute Velocity Vri: Inlet Relative Velocity Vre: Exit Relative Velocity Vae:Exit Absolute Velocity ai: Inlet Nozzle Angle. bi: Inlet Blade Angle. be: Exit Blade Angle. ai: Exit Nozzle Angle.

More Related