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Chapter 15: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

Chapter 15: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution. Section: 15 – 3: Darwin Presents His Case. Key Concepts:. How is natural selection related to a species’ fitness? What evidence of evolution did Darwin present?. A. Publication of “On the Origin of Species”.

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Chapter 15: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution

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  1. Chapter 15: Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Section: 15 – 3: Darwin Presents His Case

  2. Key Concepts: • How is natural selection related to a species’ fitness? • What evidence of evolution did Darwin present?

  3. A. Publication of “On the Origin of Species” • In 1859, Darwin published the results of his work. It was called On the Origin of Species • In this book Darwin proposed NATURAL SELECTION - a mechanism for evolution. • The theory of natural selection takes into account several ideas about a species survival.

  4. B. Evolution by Natural Selection • Darwin said that organisms must compete for resources (food, water, shelter, mates, etc.). He called this STRUGGLE FOR EXISTENCE. • Darwin then said that in this struggle for existence that the stronger animal survived; the one more suited for its environment. He called this the FITNESS ADAPTATION

  5. These ideas are combined into what is known as “The Survival of the Fittest” • Individuals that are better suited to their environment (better adaptations) survive and reproduce most successfully. • Natural Selection results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species’ fitness in its environment.

  6. C. Evidence of evolution • Fossil Record – Darwin said that comparing fossils showed how organisms have changed over time. • Geographic Distribution of living Things – Similar organisms lived in similar habitats in different parts of the world

  7. Geographic Distribution of Living Species Section 15-3 Beaver Beaver Muskrat Beaver andMuskrat Coypu Capybara Coypu andCapybara NORTH AMERICA Muskrat Capybara SOUTH AMERICA Coypu

  8. Homologous Structures – limbs that have the same basic bones, but vary in form and function

  9.  Homologous Body Structures Section 15-3 Turtle Alligator Bird Mammal Ancient lobe-finned fish

  10. Embryology – The early stages of vertebrate animals are very similar in structure.

  11. The fossil record Geographic distribution of living species Homologous body structures Similaritiesin early development Physical remains of organisms Common ancestral species Similar genes Similar genes Concept Map Section 15-3 Evidence of Evolution includes which is composed of which indicates which implies which implies

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