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McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare

McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare. American Cold War Culture and Law. President Truman. Expands the federal bureaucracy. National Security Act of 1947 NSC (National Safety Council) DOD (Department of Defense) CIA (Central Intelligence Agency). President Truman.

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McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare

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  1. McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare American Cold War Culture and Law

  2. President Truman • Expands the federal bureaucracy. • National Security Act of 1947 • NSC (National Safety Council) • DOD (Department of Defense) • CIA (Central Intelligence Agency)

  3. President Truman Expands fed govt size and power Executive Order 9835 • Barred members of the Communist Party from federal employment. • Fascists too • States started to do this too • Loyalty oaths

  4. Senator Joseph McCarthy • Wisconsin Republican facing defeat in election of 1950 • Turns to a platform of anti-Communism

  5. The List • “I have here a list of 205 names that were made known to the Secretary of State as being members of the Communist Party and who nevertheless are still working and shaping policy in the State Department.”

  6. Definition of McCarthyism • The fear, suspicion, and scapegoating that surrounded McCarthy, his accusations and the general curtailment of civil rights during the Cold War era. It was a witch-hunt style campaign to silence critics of the Cold War.

  7. House UnAmerican Activities Committee (HUAC) • Subcommittee of the House of Representatives • Purpose: To root out “subversion” of the American system • The Question:“Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?”

  8. The McCarran Act • Formal name: The Internal Security Act • Requires communist organizations to register with the Subversive Activities Control Board • Authorizes the arrest of suspect persons during national emergency • Six concentration camps built for this purpose

  9. The Immigration and Nationality Act • Another McCarran-authored law • Barred people who were deemed either “subversive” or “homosexual” from becoming citizens or even visiting the U.S. • Power to deport immigrants who were members of the Communist Party, even if they were citizens • In effect until 1973

  10. Examples of McCarthyism • In NYC, citizens must take loyalty oath to receive a fishing license • FDR’s New Deal is re-evaluated as “a socialist conspiracy” and “20 years of treason” • Jonas Salk invents vaccine for Polio; a congressman suggests that it be distributed to all school-age children for free. Eisenhower’s Secretary of Health rejects the idea as an attempt to “socialize medicine through the backdoor.”

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