NEONATE HTTP://WWW.CSD.ABDN.AC.UK/RESEARCH/NEONATE/ Jim Hunter 1 , Gary Ewing 1 , Yvonne Freer 3 , Robert Logie 2 ,

1. NEONATE HTTP://WWW.CSD.ABDN.AC.UK/RESEARCH/NEONATE/ Jim Hunter 1, Gary Ewing 1, Yvonne Freer 3, Robert Logie 2, Paul McCue 1, Neil McIntosh 3 1 Department of Computing Science, 2 Department of Psychology University of Aberdeen, UK 3 Department of Neonatology, University of Edinburgh, UK ACTION + CARE + CHEST-DRAIN + COLLECT DATA + EXAMINE BABY + AUSCULTATION + ABDOMEN + AXILLA TEMP + TONE + PULSES + FONTANELLE/SUTURES + CAPILLARY RETURN + EARS + EYES + MOUTH + CORD + SKIN + NAPPY AREA + NAILS + OBSERVE BABY + VISUALLY + MONITOR + BADGER + OPTHALMIC EXAMINATION + RE-SITE PROBES + TCM + SAT O2 + HR LEADS + TEMPERATURE OBSERVATION BOWELS CRYING FEEDING MOVEMENT SIZE SKIN PINK GOOD CAPILLARY REFILL POOR CAPILLARY REFILL WASHED OUT POORLY PERFUSED PALE POOR COLOUR MOTTLED BLUE BLACK BRUISED RASH IRRITATED BLOTCHY DILATED VEINS PLETHORIC JAUNDICED WAXY APPEARS SHUTDOWN DRY MOIST CLAMMY MEDICATION Penicillin Gentamicin Erythromycin Flucloxacillin Netilmicin Vancomycin Ampicillin/Amoxycillin Nystatin Cefotaxime Morphine Paracetamol Phenobarbitone Tryclofos Caffeine Cimetidine Curosurf Dobutamine Dopamine Frusemide Indomethacin Pancuronium Sodium bicarbonate Spirolactone Sytron Vecuronium Vitamin K Vits KCl (2) - COLLECTING DATA This is a screen dump from BabyWatch. The BabyWatch system was developed to support the on-ward data collection exercise and assist the observer in using only terms from the lexicon. (6) - Data Analysis using TSW Commentary from experts is recorded as data is explored within the TSW. Many inbuilt data-manipulation tools are available, new facilities can be easily added as required. 5) - Selecting data of interest within TSW The TSW builds and maintains a catalogue of the Neonate data set, allowing periods containing certain events or meeting certain criteria to be selected for analysis. We are grateful to both the UK ESRC and EPSRC for providing funding under the People at the Centre of Communication and Information Technology (PACCIT) program. • (1) - BUILDING LEXICONS • We interviewed 32 clinical staff at all levels to elicit baby state “descriptors”. • 552 terms were generated. • Senior clinical staff reviewed the descriptors for consistency, reducing the list to 166 terms. • Similar interviews elicited 191 “actions”. • Again, senior clinical staff reduced the number of terms to 51. • The lexicons were organised into a hierarchy. (3) - BUILDING THE DATABASE Post Collection Data Processing • Clock synchronisation • Verification of the Presence of the Observer • Verification of the durations of Actions Intervals • Cross-referencing of comments with Actions • Validation of numerical input • Overall medical validation Category Number Observer Present………..403 Actions………………...19,610 Observations…………...1,831 Settings…………………4,512 Laboratory Results…….1,343 Blood Gas………………2,187 Medication………………..148 Comments………………2,443 Total 32,477 (4) –Developing an Analysis Tool. An existing tool, the Time-Series Workbench ("TSW"), has been extended to allow the Neonate data set to be conveniently viewed and manipulated. (7) - Analysis of the Neonate data set Here, a specific event in the data set (hand bagging) is being analysed. While critical respiratory distress can be inferred from physiological data alone, the observational data must be examined to understand why handbagging took place. Card-Sorting Experiments Concept Sorting The lexicons were used as the basis for concept-sorting experiments designed to elucidate the way clinical staff mentally organise those terms. Each term (concept) in a specific lexicon was transcribed on to a card, and individual staff members were invited to sort the cards into piles, such that all of the concepts in a given pile were related in some way – as determined by each individual participant. Analysis using Dendrograms The card-sort experiments were analysed by performing cluster analysis in order to generate tree-diagrams (or dendrograms) as a graphical representation of the relationships between the concepts under study. A cluster exists when two or more concepts are grouped together (deemed similar). The y-axis of the dendrogram lists the concepts that were sorted (e.g. actions), while the x-axis represents the distance between the concepts within a cluster, which is represented by a vertical line joining the concepts within a cluster.