How did Georgia end the Spanish threat? (SS8H2b)

1. How did Georgia end the Spanish threat? (SS8H2b) Fill in appropriate information onto your outline

2. Review • Georgia was established as England’s ______ colony in America in _____. • There were 3 reasons: (We called them the three P’s) • A number of groups helped keep the colony going. They included the _______ who had a doctor, the ______________ who established __________, Georgia’s 2nd settlement.

3. Review • Other groups included the _______________________, who built the city of Darien. This city was established to _________________________________. • A group of unhappy people, the ________, began complaining about certain regulations. The two they complained about the most were restrictions on ____________ and a ban on __________.

4. Preview • Just as the malcontents were complaining their loudest, another problem began affecting Georgia. Spain was threatening to invade Georgia. This problem put the complaints of the malcontents on the back burner. • Georgia was now facing its biggest military crisis.

5. Military developments • In the summer of 1734, Oglethorpe returned to England and came back to Georgia with new funding for the colony. • During the trip, he received money to build forts along Georgia’s southern border, the __________________ River.

6. Military developments • In 1735, Georgia’s first fort was built along the mouth of the Altamaha, near Darien. It was built and manned by the Scottish Highlanders. • Dec. 1735 – Oglethorpe brought 257 new colonists from England. • They established a fort and town on St. Simons Island, known as Frederica

7. Military developments • Frederica became a thriving town because of the military presence of the British soldiers. • Fort Frederica grew to house Britain’s largest military base in America.

8. War with Spain • Nov. 1736 – Oglethorpe returned to England again to plead for more money from Parliament, especially for soldiers to help defend the colony. • In early 1737, rumors in London were spreading that Spain was planning to send a large military force to Cuba to prepare for an invasion of Georgia.

9. War with Spain • Oct. 1737 – King George II made Oglethorpe a colonel and gave him power to form a regiment of 600 men. • Spring 1738 – Oglethorpe and the regiment made their way to Ft. Frederica • 1740 – Oglethorpe attempted to invade St. Augustine but was not successful

10. War with Spain • Two years passed without much action. • June 1742 – Spain sent thousands of soldiers to Florida. All of Georgia’s defenders pulled back to Ft. Frederica.

11. Battle of Bloody Marsh • July 7, 1742 • Spanish forces got to within a mile of Ft. Frederica • Some Georgia troops opened fire and the Spanish retreated. The troops rushed to warn Oglethorpe. • Oglethorpe assembled a small force and positioned them near a marsh south of Ft. Frederica

12. Battle of Bloody Marsh • When the Spanish troops came marching by, the Highlanders surprised them and opened fire on them. • So many Spanish soldiers were killed, it was said the marsh “ran red with blood.” • Oglethorpe heard the gunshots but by the time he got to the marsh, the battle was over.

13. Battle of Bloody Marsh • The Spanish tried to take over Ft. Frederica a few days later by sea but were turned back. • The Spanish never threatened Georgia again. • Oglethorpe was made a general after the battle.