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The first annual PAPRIKA meeting Bergamo, 13-14 December 2010. ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS NCO-P PCO-K. CNR – ISAC Bologna – Italy. NEPAL PAKISTAN. N 27°57' E 86°48' 5079 m asl. synoptic scale circulation. spring.
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The first annual PAPRIKA meeting Bergamo, 13-14 December 2010 ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS NCO-P PCO-K CNR – ISAC Bologna – Italy
NEPAL PAKISTAN N 27°57' E 86°48' 5079 m asl
synoptic scale circulation spring fall Khumbu Region Pakistan’s Gilgit-Baltistan Region
synoptic scale circulation winter summer Khumbu Region Pakistan’s Gilgit-Baltistan Region
Large scale circulation AIR MASS CLUSTERING [Bonasoni et al., ACPD, 2010]
NCO-P – PCO-K observations: • Aerosol Number Concentration and Size Distribution (from 10nm to 32µm) • Absorption coefficient (Black Carbon Concentration) • Total and Back Scattering Coefficient • Aerosol Optical Depth • Surface Ozone Concentrations • Meteorological Parameters (Air temperature, Atmospheric pressure, Relative humidity, Wind speed and direction, Precipitation) • Greenhouses Gas Concentration (CFC, HFC, HCFC,...; in flask) • Chemical Characterization (organic and inorganic) of AerosolParticles (high volume sampling on quartz filters)
Meteorological characterisation of Baltoro glacier area: Automatic Weather Stations at Askole and Urdukas since 2004 URDUKAS AWS Lat N 35° 43' 40,7" Long E 76° 17' 9,9” Altitude 3,925 m asl ASKOLEAWS: Lat N 35° 40' 56,8’’ Long E 75° 48' 58,4’ Altitude 3,015 m asl
CLIMATE OBSERVATORY IN KARAKORUM WAPDA STATION
NCO-P: meteorological characterisation Deg Days from 1st March 2006 The Winter season has been identified when daily RH values never exceed 70% and northerly mountain winds are well established during night-time. We define as Monsoon season , the period characterized by high humidity levels as well as by the presence of southerly wind also during night-time. [Bonasoni et al., ACPD, 2010]
4 years of ozone concentration(daily values) High values during the dry pre-monsoon seasons related both to natural transport from the stratosphere and pollution/biomass burning inputs It was found that the direct transport of brown cloud influencing the atmospheric composition at NCO-P occurred on 20% of pre-monsoon days. During these hotspots, a strong increase (+18%) in O3 and BC (+522%) mean values was registered in respect to seasonal values (61 ppb, 317 ng m-3 respectively).
black carbon diurnal variations [Bonasoni et al., ACP, 2010] [Marinoni et al., ACP, 2010]
Special Issue Atmospheric Brown Cloud in the Himalayas 9 papers on ACP relative to NCO-P data Scientific results: http://www.atmos-chem-phys-discuss.net/special_issue103.html