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England and France Develop

England and France Develop. England absorbs Waves of Invaders Early invasions from the Vikings Alfred the Great united Anglos into England Danish king, Edward, united Anglo-Saxons and Vikings William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy Williams rival, Harold Godwinson, Anglo Saxon throne

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England and France Develop

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  1. England and France Develop • England absorbs Waves of Invaders • Early invasions from the Vikings • Alfred the Great united Anglos into England • Danish king, Edward, united Anglo-Saxons and Vikings • William the Conqueror, duke of Normandy • Williams rival, Harold Godwinson, Anglo Saxon throne • Battle of Hastings • William took control of England, established foundation of centralized government

  2. England's Evolving Government • Hold and add French lands • Strengthen noble powers on the church • Henry II married Eleanor of Aquitaine and so acquired a large French territory

  3. Juries and Common Law • Henry ruled from 1154 to 1189 • Introduced juries into English courts • Common law • The Magna Carta • Richard the Lion Hearted • John Softsword, poor military leader • Lost lands to Phillip Augustus of France • Cruel to his people, alienated church, raised taxes • Nobles revolted and forced him to sign the Magna Carta • Basic legal rights

  4. The Model Parliament • Edward established parliament • Knights, burgesses, bishops, and lords met at Westminster in London • Knights and burgesses formed the House of Commons and the nobles and bishops formed the House of Lords

  5. Capetian Dynasty Rules France • Hugh Capet began the Dynasty • Location of France was key • Philip II (Philip Augustus) powerful Capetian • Wanted to weaken power of English kings • Failed against Henry II and Richard the Lion Hearted but seized Normandy from King John • Stronger centralized government

  6. Phillips Heirs • Louis IX ruled from 1226 to 1270 • Louis was very pious and saintly • Established appeal courts • Philip IV ruled from 1285 to 1314 quarrel with pope regarding taxes for priests; included commoners in meetings • Church leaders-1st Estate; Great Lords 2nd Estate; commoners/wealthy landowners/merchants 3rd Estate • Estates General • Beginnings of Democracy • Common law, court systems, including commoners

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