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Inheritance Patterns through Pedigrees

Inheritance Patterns through Pedigrees. MMHS Science Mr. Chitraroff. Main Inheritance Types. Autosomal Recessive Autosomal Dominant X-Linked (Sex-Linked) Recessive X-Linked (Sex-Linked) Dominant. Autosomal = Inherited on the body chromosomes #1-44.

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Inheritance Patterns through Pedigrees

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  1. Inheritance Patterns through Pedigrees MMHS Science Mr. Chitraroff

  2. Main Inheritance Types • Autosomal Recessive • Autosomal Dominant • X-Linked (Sex-Linked) Recessive • X-Linked (Sex-Linked) Dominant Autosomal = Inherited on the body chromosomes #1-44. Sex-Linked = Inherited on the Sex Chromosomes #45 & 46. (XX or Xy)

  3. Pedigree Symbols

  4. Autosomal Dominant Traits • Almost all individuals will be heterozygous. (Hh) • Every affected individual has an affected biological parent. There is no skipping of generations. • Males and females have an equally likely chance of inheriting the mutant allele and being affected. The recurrence risk of each child of an affected parent is 1/2. • Normal siblings of affected individuals do not transmit the trait to their offspring. • There are never carriers (half-shaded symbols).

  5. Autosomal Dominant

  6. Autosomal Dominant Disorders

  7. Jason Acunaaka “Weeman”a legal dwarf

  8. Polydactly

  9. Autosomal Dominant

  10. Autosomal Dominant

  11. Autosomal Recessive • Traits will often skip a generation. • Parents may not have the trait, but can pass it on to offspring. (e.g. Het) • Males and Females are equally affected. • Both parents can be carriers. (half-shade)

  12. Autosomal Recessive • Males and females are equally likely to be affected.The recurrence risk to the unborn sibling of an affected individual is 1/4.The trait is characteristically found in siblings, not parents of affected or the offspring of affected.Parents of affected children may be related. The rarer the trait in the general population, the more likely a consanguineous mating is involved. • Examples: *Cystic fibrosis • *Tay-Sach’s disease

  13. Albinism Inheritance Which Type of Inheritance is this?

  14. Albinism…revealed Circled symbols show Heterozygous Individual (Aa) What’s gross about this pedigree?

  15. Jamaican Albino “Yellow Mon”

  16. Sex-Linked Traits • Passed on from the (X) Sex Chromosome. • Fathers pass trait on to daughters. • Mother’s pass trait on to daughters or sons. • Usually skips a generation. • Males more likely affected than females. • Female carriers possible, not males.

  17. Sex Linked Recessive • The disease is never passed from father to son.Males are much more likely to be affected than females. • All affected males in a family are related through their mothers.Trait or disease is typically passed from an affected grandfather, through his carrier daughters, to half of his grandsons. • Examples: • Color-blindness • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

  18. Sex-Linked Recessive Disorders • Hemophilia-blood doesn’t clot • Colorblindness—Can’t see certain colors. • Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy—degenerative breakdown of muscles. • Anosmia– Inability to smell.

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