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CENT 305 Information Systems Security

CENT 305 Information Systems Security. Linux Introduction. Open SUSE OS. A “ distro ” of the Linux OS, which is a “flavor” of Unix OS. A multiuser, multitask, both GUI and command-line interface OS Graphical environments similar to Windows/Mac, with (free!) Open Source Office

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CENT 305 Information Systems Security

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  1. CENT 305Information Systems Security Linux Introduction

  2. Open SUSE OS • A “distro” of the Linux OS, which is a “flavor” of Unix OS. • A multiuser, multitask, both GUI and command-line interface OS • Graphical environments similar to Windows/Mac, with (free!) Open Source Office • Command line environment similar to Windows DOS and uhunix.hawaii.edu • Open source software • Popular in European markets • Purchased recently by Novell • Now commercially available as enterprise operating system • Software is still open source --- i.e., the code is freely available for modification • OpenSUSE Linux versions 12 and 11 • Open source (free) version supported by SUSE • Can be downloaded and installed at home for no charge - also available in Live CD format. Gerald has copies of the Live CD for the KDE and Gnome environments. • Comparable to Enterprise (Server) and Desktop versions combined • References • Online references will be posted on course web site • Getting Started with Linux; Novell's Guide to CompTIA's Linux+, Novell & Jason Eckert, Thomson Course Technology, 2007, ISBN-10: 1-4188-3730-X

  3. Objectives • Familiarity with Linux interfaces • Graphical User Interface • Command Line Interfaces • Be able to use basic Linux features • bash shell - command line interface • vi (command line) text editor • basic scripts

  4. Graphical User Interface (Demo) • Login Screen • Menu options • Shutdown/restart • KDE desktop features • KDE control panel (Kicker) • KDE menu, Konqueror, Terminal Emulation • KDE menu • KDE Desktop

  5. Command Line Interfaces • Virtual Terminals • CTL-ALT-F# • Consoles F1-F6 are command line interfaces • Console F7 is the graphical interface • Each console is independent of the others • Terminal Windows (Konsole, and others) • Accessed as a shell window in the graphical interface. • Provides an emulation of a virtual console. • Important: Unix command syntax: command [-options] arguments • Example: ls –R mydir • Example: cp file1 file2

  6. Linux Help Resources • man pages • online reference manuals • Syntax: man [-k]whatyouarelookingup • example: man ls • example: man –k backup • Uses the less pager for navigation (man less) • info pages • more sophisticated navigation than man pages (info info) • Release notes • /usr/share/doc/release-notes • How-to files (Linux Documentation Project) • /usr/share/doc/howto/en/html ortxt • Package help files • /usr/share/doc/packages/package-name

  7. YaST Management Utility • Yet Another Setup Utility • Works with command line or graphical environment • Allows management of • Software packages • User & Group Accounts • Printer Configuration • View Hardware Configuration • X Windows configuration

  8. Command Shells • The command shell program provides the command line interface in a non-graphical environment. • Accepts commands entered by the user on the command line. • Runs the specified command and displays the result on the screen. • Also called the command interpreter. • Linux supports a variety of shells: • bash - the Bourne Again SHell, default Linux shell • sh - the Bourne SH, the original UNIX shell • csh - the c shell (Open SUSE 11 uses tcsh) • ksh - the Korn shell • zsh - the z shell

  9. Using the Command Line • Start a shell window (Konsole) • Using commands --- previous examples... • Pipes and redirection • cat /etc/passwd | less (pipe) • cat /etc/passwd > mypasswd.txt (redirect, i.e. put into) • cat /etc/group >> mypasswd.txt (append)

  10. Text Editors • Needed for editing Linux configuration files, which are usually ASCII text files. • Graphical text editors • gedit, kwrite, kate, etc.... • Work fine as long as there is a GUI... • Terminal based text editors • vi (and its improved version vim), emacs, pico • MUST be used in a command-line environment such as a virtual console – why?

  11. Overview of Terminal Based Text Editors • vi or vim • Most commonly used by system administrators • Moderately complex and powerful tool. • Installed by default on ALL UNIX/Linux systems --- so it's always available • Must know it, in case nothing else is available • emacs • Frequently used by programmers. • Very complex to learn and use and very powerful. • May NOT installed by default and is not always available. • pico • Simple, menu-driven text editor • Easy to learn and use. • Not very powerful. • May not always be installed, but usually is.

  12. vim intro • vi • visual editor • commonly used Unix text editor • vim • vi improved • updated version of vi that’s somewhat easier to use • default version of vi provided with Linux

  13. vim basics • vim filename • creates and new file and opens it for editing • vi modes • command mode --- used for entering commands, saving files, and quitting vi • insert mode --- used for entering text • Laulima includes a summary of vi commands • Review: type up a simple text file in vim and try different formatting.

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