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Introductory Climate Modeling

Introductory Climate Modeling. Presented by Dr. Robert MacKay Clark College physics and meteorology rmackay@clark.edu. Earth in space. See the first 4 videos at: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Experiments/PlanetEarthScience/GlobalWarming/GW.php

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Introductory Climate Modeling

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  1. Introductory Climate Modeling Presented by Dr. Robert MacKay Clark College physics and meteorology rmackay@clark.edu

  2. Earth in space See the first 4 videos at: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Experiments/PlanetEarthScience/GlobalWarming/GW.php These are a very nice introduction to radiation from Earth and Sun.

  3. Earth in space The rate of Solar energy absorption by Earth is pR2*(1-a)So where R is Earth’s radius a is the mean planetary albedo So is the solar constant ~1365 W/m2 The mean emission rate for terrestrial (longwave) radiation is 4pR2*sT4 where s=5.67x10-8 W/m2/K4 T is Earth’s mean annual temperature

  4. Earth in space Setting absorption equal to emission gives pR2*(1-a)So =4pR2*sT4 or This is about 33 K lower than Earth’s mean surface temperature of 288 K

  5. Adding an atmosphere

  6. A “flat” earth with an atmosphere that absorbs no solar radiation but absorbs all long-wave radiation coming from Earth’s surface. Both the earth’s surface and the atmosphere are assumed to be black bodies for longwave radiation. The atmosphere emits radiant energy equally towards and awy from Earth’s surface.

  7. S This is about 15 K higher than Earth’s mean surface temperature of 288 K A “flat” earth with an atmosphere that absorbs no solar radiation but absorbs all long-wave radiation coming from Earth’s surface. Both the earth’s surface and the atmosphere are assumed to be black bodies for longwave radiation. The atmosphere emits radiant energy equally towards and awy from Earth’s surface.

  8. From K. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, and J. Kiehl, EARTH’S GLOBAL ENERGY BUDGET BAMS 2009

  9. S Atmosphere absorbs a fraction, g ,of the total solar radiation absorbed by the planet Atmosphere absorbs a fraction, e of all long-wave radiation coming from Earth’s surface. Through Kirchoff’s radiation law the emissivity of the atmosphere for long-wave radiation equals its absorptivity. Earth’s surface is assumed to be a black bodies for long-wave radiation. The atmosphere emits radiant energy equally towards and away from Earth’s surface.

  10. Estimating g=0.29 and e=0.9 from Khiel and Trenberth Energy Balance diagram A “flat” earth with an atmosphere that absorbs no solar radiation but absorbs all long-wave radiation coming from Earth’s surface. Both the earth’s surface and the atmosphere are assumed to be black bodies for longwave radiation. The atmosphere emits radiant energy equally towards and awy from Earth’s surface.

  11. This is about 3.5 K lower than Earth’s mean surface temperature of 288 K Estimating g=0.29 and e=0.9 from Khiel and Trenberth Energy Balance diagram A “flat” earth with an atmosphere that absorbs no solar radiation but absorbs all long-wave radiation coming from Earth’s surface. Both the earth’s surface and the atmosphere are assumed to be black bodies for longwave radiation. The atmosphere emits radiant energy equally towards and awy from Earth’s surface.

  12. Thermal Inertia Of Oceans I Net radiation intensity (W/m2) A Area of surface d depth of ocean mixed layer C specific heat capacity of oceans r the density of water If d=100 m

  13. http://www.atmosedu.com/Geol390/physlets/GEBM/EBMGame.htm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y2m7OTv-cAc

  14. http://www.atmosedu.com/Geol390/physlets/GEBM/ebm.htm Stella version: http://www.atmosedu.com/WSU/esrp310-550/Activities/Gebm.STM

  15. Feedbacks

  16. Feedbacks http://www.thesystemsthinker.com/tstcld.html http://www.atmosedu.com/ENVS109/PP/CausalLoopDiagramsA.ppt Diagram from VUE. Visual Understanding environment

  17. Conclusions • Simple conceptual climate models can help students learn about climate modeling and the climate system. • Climate models of all sort provide Interactive engagement opportunities for students. • Causal loop diagrams offer an excellent visual communication tool for both student and instructor.

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