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Multimedia Elements Sound, Animation, and Video

Multimedia Elements Sound, Animation, and Video. Sound. Analog wave patterns – these wave patterns have two attributes Volume – the height of each peak in the sound wave

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Multimedia Elements Sound, Animation, and Video

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  1. Multimedia ElementsSound, Animation, and Video

  2. Sound • Analog wave patterns – these wave patterns have two attributes • Volume – the height of each peak in the sound wave • Frequency – (sometimes referred to as pitch) the distance between the peaks. The greater the distance, the lower the sound. Image: scanned from Multimedia Concepts – James Schuman

  3. Sampling • To include sound in a multimedia application, the sound waves must be converted from analog to digital form • This conversion is called sampling – every fraction of a second a sample the of sound is recorded in digital bits

  4. Sampling • Two factors affect the quality of digitized sound • Sample rate – the number of times the sample is taken • Most common sampling rates are: 11.025, 22.05, and 44.1 kHz • Sample size – the amount of information stored about the sample • Most common sampling sizes are: 8 and 16 bit

  5. Sampling Image: scanned from Multimedia Concepts – James Schuman

  6. Sound File Formats • WAV format – filename.wav • AIFF (Audio Interchange File Format) • AIFFC (compressed) • RealAudio – filename.ra • MP3 (mpeg layer 3)

  7. Sound on the Internet • Your first consideration when using sound on the Internet is file size • Uncompressed files can be very large • A 10 second recording of an audio CD can be as large as 2MB

  8. Sound Tips for the Internet

  9. Sound Tips for the Internet

  10. Animation on the Internet • Animation is an excellent way to provide appeal on a web site, choose from the following • Animated text • Animated GIF’s • Marcomedia Director applications • 3-D environments

  11. 2-D Animation • Two types of animation exist • Cel animation – based on changes that occur form one frame to the next • Path animation – moves an object along a predetermined path on the screen

  12. 3-D Animation • 3-D Animation involves three steps • Modeling – creating the broad contours and structure of 3-D objects and scenes • Animation – defining the object’s motion • Rendering – giving objects attributes such as color, surface textures, and amounts of transparency

  13. 3-D Animation Image: scanned from Multimedia Concepts – James Schuman

  14. 3-D Animation Special Effects • Morphing – blending together two images into a series of images • Warping – distorts a single image • Virtual Reality – creates an environment that surrounds the user so that he or she becomes part of the experience

  15. Animation • Animated text – using the HTML <blink> command causes text to flash on and off • Animated gif – using a software program to create a series of gif files such as GIF Builder • Director movie – animation played using Shockwave plug-in • 3-D environments – a computer language used to create 3-D images

  16. Design Considerations • Give the user control over whether or not to display or enlarge graphic images • Allow the user to be active while graphic images are being displayed • Provide feedback to the user by displaying the amount of time a file will take to download

  17. Video • Video, like sound, is recorded and played an as analog signal • Analog video must be digitized in order for it to put into a multimedia file • Digital video has many advantages, but file size is important

  18. Video • Several elements determine file size: • Frame rate • Image size • Color depth • To determine file size use the following formula: • Frames per second X image size X color depth / 8 = file size

  19. Video Compression and Editing • There are two types of video compression • Lossless – preserves the exact image throughout the compression • Lossy – eliminates some of the data in the image (provides greater compression ratios than lossless) • Remember – there is always a trade off, file size versus image quality

  20. Video on the Internet • There are two types of video transfer over the Internet • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – downloads the entire video to the hard drive on the user’s computer • RTSP (Real-Time Streaming Protocol) – is a continuous-playing, streaming technology in which the user’s computer is in constant contact with the server playing the video

  21. Video Tips

  22. Video Tips

  23. The End University of North Texas Dr. Vicky Cereijo

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