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R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N

R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N. FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY. FUNDAMENTAL SPACE RESEARCH WIDE FIELD FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN INDIA AND RUSSIA. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N. FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY. MAIN AREAS OF FUNDAMENTAL SPACE RESEARCH IN RUSSIA

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R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N

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  1. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY FUNDAMENTAL SPACE RESEARCH WIDE FIELD FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN INDIA AND RUSSIA

  2. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY • MAIN AREAS OF FUNDAMENTAL SPACE RESEARCH IN RUSSIA • Space plasma and the Solar physics: • Internal heliosphere and close-range Sun researches; • Studies of resonance interaction between electromagnetic radiation and charged particles of the Earth's magnetosphere; • Studies of earthquakes' forerunners. • Exo-atmosphere astronomy: • High-accuracy astrometry measurements and precise definition of fundamental coordinate system; • Astronomic objects observation in radio, ultraviolet, gamma, X-ray, millimeter and sub-millimeter ranges of spectrum. • Planet and small bodies of the Solar System researches: • Studies of atmospheres, magnetosphere and surfaces of the Solar System planets; • Expansion of the Solar System's small bodies researches, including the delivery of the Phobos ground samples to the Earth. • Basic problems of space biology, physiology and medicine: • Carrying out research programs on study of microgravity and other spaceflight factors influence on processes of biological objects adaptation.

  3. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY MAIN AREAS OF FUNDAMENTAL SPACE RESEARCH IN RUSSIA

  4. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY SOLAR PHYSICS, STUDIES ON SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL LINKS AND PROCESSES IN MAGNETOSPHERE OF THE EARTH

  5. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY INDIA PARTICIPATES IN THE RUSSIAN CORONAS-FOTON PROJECT

  6. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY TESIS STEP-F KONUS-RF-anti Pressure-module PHOKA RT-2/GA RT-2/S KONUS-RF N-2M RT-2/G SUN Magnetometer PINGUIN CORONAS-PHOTON

  7. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY • CORONAS-PHOTONproject • to studyspace plasma and the Solar physics (launching date - 2007) • Main objectives of the mission • Study of hard electromagnetic radiation dynamic in a wide energy range from EUV to 2000MeV; • Nuclear gamma-lines spectroscopy of Solar activity regions; • Detection of solar neutrons with energies higher 20MeV; • Study of linear polarization and variability of hard X-ray emission; • Monitoring of the Solar EUV, soft and hard X-ray emissions; • Charge particle environment measurements; • Simultaneously astrophysical observation including gamma-ray bursts; • Monitoring of Earth upper atmosphere in EUV and soft X-rays radiated by the quite Sun. • Main characteristics of the spacecraft • Mass of the satellite - 2520 kg • Mass of the scientific payload - 700 kg • Orbit: circular, 500 km height, inclination – 82,5 • Nominal mission lifetime - 3 years (extended 5 years)

  8. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF OTHER RUSSIAN PROJECTS

  9. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY RESONANCE project Study of wave-particle interactions and plasma dynamics in the inner magnetosphere Main goals: • Long-term observations of the natural phenomena, localized in the selected flux tube:  -  Dynamics of magnetospheres cyclotron maser,  -  Ring current formation,  -  Refilling of plasmosphere after magnetic storms,   -  Study of the role of the small-scale phenomena in the global plasma dynamics. • An artificial influence on the operation of magnetospheric maser. Basic options:   -  Artificial excitation and/or stimulation of wave modes;   -  Modification of the flux of precipitating particles;   -  Variation of maser Q-factor by the modification of reflection index in the ionospheric footprint of the selected magnetic flux tube. 19

  10. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY RESONANCE project Main parameters: Altitude of perigee  1000 km Altitude of apogee  21000 km Inclination  62,80 Orbital period  6,4 hour Weight of the satellite  550 kg Weight of the scientific payload 150 kg Two Spacecrafts location under the faring of “Dnepr” launch vehicle

  11. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY INTERHELIOPROBE project Project of investigation the Sun and Inner Heliosphere • MAIN SCIENTIFIC GOALS • to identify mechanisms of the coronal heating and solar wind; • to investigate the fine structure and dynamics of the solar atmosphere; • to determine the origin and study the global dynamics of the most powerful solar activity phenomena (solar flares and CMEs) and their influence on the heliosphere and space weather; • to investigate generation and propagation of solar energetic particles; • to observe from high latitudes and to investigate the solar atmosphere and corona in the polar and equatorial regions; • to determine the mechanism of the solar dynamo and solar cycle. 1 – whitelinght imager, 2- coronograph, 3 – neutron analyzer, 4 – solar gamma-spectrometr, 5 – plazma analyzer, 6 – magnetometr, 7 – energetic particle detector, 8 – radiospectrometr, 9 – dust detector, 10 – magnetic sensor ULF/VLE, 11 – solar protective screen, 12 – solar panel, 13 – astroinstrument, 14 – scientific payload bay, 15 – high-gain antenna, 16 – radiospectrometr antenna, 17 – solar protective screen control Interhelioprobe SC with deployed scientific complex 23

  12. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY INTERHELIOPROBE project • SOLAR INSTRUMENTATION • OPTICAL TELESCOPE • MAGNETOGRAPH • X-RAY IMAGER-SPECTROMETER • CORONAGRAPH • HELIOSPHERIC INSTRUMENTATION • Solar Wind Ion Analyzer • Solar Wind Electron Analyzer • Solar Wind Plasma and Dust Analyzer • Magnetic Wave Complex • Magnetometer • Energetic Particle Telescope • Neutron Detector • Radio Spectrometer Detector • Electron Gun • Ballistic scenario of the mission • multiple gravity-assisted maneuvers near the planet Venus (VGMs); • electric propulsion low thrust system (in conjunction with VGMs). • Mission phases • cruise phase (Earth-Venus); • ecliptic phase (co rotation); • out-of-ecliptic phase (increase of orbit inclination up to 30-380 with respect to solar equatorial plane); • perihelion lowering on inclined orbit (as possible). 24

  13. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMIC RAYS PHYSICS

  14. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY World Space Observatory

  15. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY Outer atmosphere astronomy, World Space Observatory • Scientific Objectives: • Orbital ultraviolet observatory will study following phenomena and problems: • Chemical evolution of gas in the Universe; • Physical and chemical properties of photo-ionized gas; • Detailed study of the properties of a well defined sample of local and moderately distant (z~1) star forming galaxies in UV as a step toward physical interpretation of the spectra of galaxies at moderate resolution from very large telescope at high red-shift; • Chemical abundance of stars; • Physical process of a wide range outflow phenomena, in conjunction with space missions in the X-ray band; • Searching of new phenomena by observing spectroscopically peculiar objects discovered by the ground spectroscopic survey. 9

  16. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY EXPLORATION OF SOLAR SYSTEM PLANETS AND MOON

  17. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY PHOBOS-GRUNT

  18. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY • Planetary and the Solar System's small bodies research, project • PHOBOS-GRUNT • Goals of the Mission-Phobos: • regolith sample return, • Phobos in situ study, • Mars and Phobos remote sensing. • Scientific Objectives: • study physical and chemical characteristics of Phobos regolith and subsurface layers in situ and under laboratory conditions; • study of the role played by asteroidal impacts in the formation of terrestrial planets, in the evolution of their atmospheres, crusts, and inventories of volotiles; • study of the origin of the Martian satellites and their relation to Mars; • search of possible paleolife; • study of peculiarities of orbital and proper motion of Phobos; • study physical conditions of the Martian environment (dust, gas, plasma components); • Monitoring of dynamic of the Martian atmosphere and seasons climate changing. • Launch - October 2009 • Earth – Mars flight duration - 10 – 11,5 months • Return rocket launch from Phobos- July-August 2011 • Mars – Earth flight duration - 11,5 months • Earth arrival - June-July 2012 • Total mission duration~ 33-34 months 27

  19. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY THERE IS AN OPPORTUNITY TO DELIVER AN INDIAN SMALL INTERPALNETARY SPACECRAFT TO THE ORBIT AROUND MARS. RUSSIA IS READY TO ASSIST IN ITS IMPLEMENTATION

  20. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY DUE TO THE STRICTLY FIXED ASTRONOMICAL DATE OT THE MISSION LAUNCH AN INTER-AGENCY AGREEMENT REGARDING THE CONCLUSION OF THE CONTRACT MUST BE SIGNED BY THE END OF 2005

  21. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY LUNA-GLOB MISSION • Main goals of mission • Spacecraft LUNA-GLOB consist of: • 10 small Penetrators (Vent 2,6 km/sec); • 3 big Penetrators (Vent 100 m/sec); • descent vehicle Launcher – “Dnepr”, Data of launch - 2012 • Scientific objectives of mission: • Investigations of lunar inner structure; • Intelligence lunar natural resources; • Study influence particles and electromagnetic radiation on lunar surface; • Determination of the volatile components in south pole crater of moon.

  22. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY Spacecraft reorientation, correction.Spinning and separationof the second landing vehicle Spacecraft reorientation, correction.Spinning and separationof the third landing vehicle Spacecraft reorientation, correction.Spinning and separation of the first landing vehicle Braking with the helpof the APS APS separationInsertion into the orbit of the Moon satellite Spacecraft reorientation, correction.Spinning and separation of cassette with small penetrators Correction, eliminating errors of insertion Insertion with the help of autonomous propulsion system (APS) into the parking orbit Separation of the APSdroppable tank’s unit Launch Carrying out of trajectory measurements on the parking near-Earth orbit Insertion with the help of APS intothe Earth-Moon flight trajectory Operation on the orbit ofthe Moon Artificial satellite LUNA-GLOB MISSION. MISSION PROFILE 30

  23. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY RESEARCHES IN FIELD OF SPACE BIOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

  24. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY BION-M / BIOCOSMOS Objectives: Carrying out fundamental and application researches in field of space biology and medicine,radiation-physical and radiation-biological experiments in favor of manned spaceflights (with different durations and complexity degrees) medical and biological problems solution. Planned flights: 2010, 2013 and 2016

  25. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY “BION-M”: MAIN PERFORMANCES 36

  26. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY • Monkeys • Rats • Eggs of birds • Plants • Fishes • Microorganisms • Insects • Worms • Cultures of cells and tissues • Reptiles • Amphibia “BION-M” MISSIONS:OBJECTS UNDER STUDY AND FACILITIES 37

  27. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY FUTURE RESEARCHES OBJECTIVES: • Study of dependence of structural, metabolic and functional changes in organism upon duration of stay in microgravity. • Biological effects due to combining influence from microgravity and cosmic rays onto organism. • Organism ability to counteract pathogenic microorganisms and toxins. • Particularities in healing of skin wounds, bones and muscles traumatic damages. • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. • Long-term effects of spaceflights. • Molecular and cellular reactions of organisms on spaceflights factors. • Mechanisms of osteogeny. • Mechanisms of muscles atrophy. • Mechanisms of cardiovascular system detraining • Mechanisms of locomotor regulation. • Biological effects of artificial gravity. • Testing of new prophylaxis measures (hypoxia, diet, medicines, and so on).

  28. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY The results of fundamental space research as all the basic scientific results belong to the whole Humanity. Hence, it is advisable to establish wide international cooperation in this field

  29. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY In order to coordinate Russian-Indian cooperation in fundamental space research it is suggested that a joint working group should be created.

  30. R U S S I A N F E D E R A T I O N FEDERAL SPACE AGENCY THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION

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