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Using Wind Energy to Offset Irrigation Costs: A Systems-Modeling Case Study

Using Wind Energy to Offset Irrigation Costs: A Systems-Modeling Case Study. Dustin Shively Todd Haynes Dr. John Gardner Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Boise State University. Introduction. Farm in Southern Idaho (SWI)

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Using Wind Energy to Offset Irrigation Costs: A Systems-Modeling Case Study

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  1. Using Wind Energy to Offset Irrigation Costs:A Systems-Modeling Case Study Dustin Shively Todd Haynes Dr. John Gardner Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Boise State University

  2. Introduction • Farm in Southern Idaho (SWI) • Water is pumped from a stream 300 feet up a plateau • During the most intensive pumping months, over $100,000 per month for electricity • Total spent in 2006 for electricity: $431,192 • 17% from demand charge • Anemometer data for over three years 3 – GE 1.5MW turbines

  3. Introduction

  4. Analysis PURPA HOMER analysis indicated economically infeasible at current rates • Net-Metering • 2 MW power capacity (Idaho currently only allows 100 kW) • Under a net-metering contract, SWI Farm would pay ~25% less than 2006 • Storage • Options may exist using wind energy to: • Pump and store water • Store energy • both

  5. Analysis • Store Water • Volume of water needed ? • Store Energy • Amount of energy needed  • Energy → Poweravg → Flowrateavg → Volume

  6. Modeling Store Water • GE 1.5MW wind turbine power curves used • Water cannot be pumped during winter months • Five turbines required to cover demand Irrigation Season Begins

  7. Results Store Water

  8. Modeling Store Energy Princeton Environmental Institute • Compressed Air Energy Storage, CAES • Bulk energy storage system • Site specific • Requires combustion of natural gas ~75% of the US has geology suitable for CAES CAES Development Company

  9. Modeling Store Energy • GE 1.5MW wind turbine power curves used • Seven turbines required to cover demand • CAES system ~50% efficient Irrigation Season Begins

  10. Results Store Energy

  11. Economics Number of turbines decided such that all payments to the utility could be avoided. Net metering still has a 2MW capacity, which only allows a single 1.5MW turbine to be used

  12. Economics

  13. Re-Configure Payback?

  14. Analysis If fewer turbines are used in both configurations (storing energy/water), the storage in either case will not be sufficient to cover demand. Most effective way to use stored energy/water: Neglect running pumps as long as possible, use stored energy/water early in the season Run pumps from grid in the beginning of the season, use stored energy/water late in the season during high cost months

  15. Results Store Water Scenario 1: Use stored water early in season Scenario 2: Use stored water late in season

  16. Results Store Energy Scenario 1: Use stored energy early in season Scenario 2: Use stored energy late in season

  17. Economics Two economic scenarios: Status Quo: cost of electricity and demand charges equal to those from 2006. Time of Use Pricing: variation in cost of electricity over the course of the year. Base rate for nine months and a graduated rate for the three summer months. Amount paid to utility

  18. Economics

  19. Economics Simple Payback (years)

  20. Conclusion • None of the scenarios analyzed appear to be economically feasible. • The system-modeling method does allow the freedom to examine the interaction of the wind with the pumps and storage facilities. • By inputting actual anemometer data and detailed pumping costs, this technique can accurately reflect the individual sites performance of such a system.

  21. Acknowledgements National Renewable Energy Laboratory Wind Powering America Todd Haynes, Boise State University John Gardner, Boise State University Idaho National Laboratory Gerald Fleischman, Idaho Office of Energy Resources

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