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Making Sense of Leveled Reading Systems. EDC 424. Leveled Reading Systems. Descriptor : Emergent, Early, Transitional, Self-Extending, Advanced Grade Level : Grades L-12 Fountas & Pinnell (Guided Reading): A-Z (A-M Grade K-2) A to Z.com (Guided Reading): A-M Grade K-2 like F&P
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Leveled Reading Systems • Descriptor: Emergent, Early, Transitional, Self-Extending, Advanced • Grade Level: Grades L-12 • Fountas & Pinnell (Guided Reading): A-Z (A-M Grade K-2) • A to Z.com (Guided Reading): A-M Grade K-2 like F&P • Basal Readers: Readiness, PrePrimer, Primer, Grade 1-8 • Degrees of Reading Power (DRP): Cloze assessments (fill in the blanks with multiple choice) • Reading Recovery: one-to-one tutoring in Grades K-2 • Developmental Reading Assessment (DRA) Level: oral reading accuracy, fluency, and comprehension • Lexile Level: Lexile reader measure and text measure rated on vocabulary and sentence length
General Leveling Criteria • Vocabulary, word choice (decodability*) • Repetition or predictability* • Sentence length and complexity • Picture support • Length of book • Subject matter • Age appropriateness/interest level
Decodability (Hoffman et al)the regularity of spelling and phonetic patterns • Highly decodable: CVC one syllable and high-frequency or sight words • Very decodable: useful vowel and consonant combinations, compounds, contractions; irregular longer words (characters, sounds) • Decodable: regular 1-2 syllable words or less common rimes (eigh, irt/urt) • Somewhat decodable: little attention to spelling regularity or pattern; longer words • Minimally decodable: range of spelling-sound patterns, longer and irregular spellings, range of derivational affixes
Predictability(Hoffman et al)text’s format, language, and content • Highly predictable: multiple and strong features (picture support, repetition, rhyming, familiar events or concepts) with few exposures • Very predictable: many features, but fewer and less strong • Predictable: 1-2 characteristics about language • Somewhat predictable: particular words or phrases repeated but not throughout text • Minimally predictable: no or very few features
Fountas & Pinnell Guided Reading LevelsWork with a partner to identify key features… • A&B: • C: • D: • E: • F: • G&H: • I:
Fountas & Pinnell Guided Reading Levels • A&B: direct link to pictures; print same place; separations between words; 1-4 lines of text (label/concept books) B = more lines and vocab. • C: longer but simple story line; familiar language; story carried by the text with varied text patterns • D: Complex stories but still familiar; 2-6 lines; full range of punctuation; new vocabulary • E: Subtle concepts; 3-8 lines with varied text placement; illustrations have several ideas; longer words for decoding • F: Slightly longer and print smaller; meaning more in the text; syntax more like written language; more storyline & dialogue • G&H: more challenging ideas and vocabulary; longer sentences; new content; 4-8 lines; less repetitions • I: Varied texts and specialized vocabulary; complex story structures; illustrations extend texts;
What does the Lexile Measure Mean? • Lexile measure: • calculations based on word frequency and sentence length (but need to also consider content, age & interests of reader, and design of actual book • Developmental scale provides formative information about rate of growth over time (within a grade level) • A. Lexile reader measure: • a person’s reading ability on the Lexile scale • Take a reading comprehension test and level is included on the report • Range from 0L – 2000L; below 0L labeled beginning reader (BR) • http://www.lexile.com/readingassessments
What does Lexile Measure Mean? • B. Lexile text measure: • A text’s difficulty level on the Lexile scale • The lower the Lexile measure, the easier to comprehend • http://www.lexile.com/findabook/ • Use the Lexile reader measure and the Lexile text measure to predict comprehension at a specific Lexile level • 75% is the targeted reading level based on independent reading • Reader at 1000L forecasted to comprehend 75% at the same Lexile text measure (1000L) but take motivation into account for increasing range of acceptable books • Best to select books based on a “Lexile range” of 50L above to 100L below for indep. reading but for instruction…
Lexile Text Levels • 200L – Danny and the Dinosaur (mid Gr. 1) • 400L – Frog and Toad Together (mid Gr. 2) • 500L – The Magic School Bus Inside the Earth (beg. Gr. 3) • 600L – A Baby Sister for Frances (mid Gr. 3) • 700L – Bennicula: A Rabbit Tale of Mystery (mid Gr. 4) • 800L – The Giver (end Gr. 4)
Sequence and Guess My Level Title Predict Level & Reason Correct Level 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.