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Overview of Systems Engineering

Overview of Systems Engineering. James M. Ebeling, Ph.D. Research Engineer Aquaculture Systems Technologies, LLC New Orleans, LA. Overview of Unit Operations. Carbon Dioxide Removal. Aeration Air/Oxygen. Fish Culture Tank. Disinfection. Fine & Dissolved Solids Removal. Biofiltration

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Overview of Systems Engineering

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  1. Overview of Systems Engineering James M. Ebeling, Ph.D. Research Engineer Aquaculture Systems Technologies, LLC New Orleans, LA Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  2. Overview of Unit Operations Carbon Dioxide Removal Aeration Air/Oxygen Fish Culture Tank Disinfection Fine & Dissolved Solids Removal Biofiltration Nitrification Sludge Waste Solids Removal BIOSECURITY Monitoring & System Control Sludge Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  3. Overview of System Design Carbon Dioxide Removal Aeration Air/Oxygen Fish Culture Tank Monitoring & System Control Disinfection Fine & Dissolved Solids Removal Biofiltration Nitrification 5% 95% Sludge Settable Solids Suspended Solids Sludge Sludge Biosecurity Program Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  4. Why Reuse Water? • Minimize water use • conserve heat • Note, heat gain can be problem in some coldwater systems. • decrease water demand • decrease wastewater discharge volume • reduce TMDL discharged Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  5. Why Reuse Water? • Increase biosecurity • locate on smaller “pathogen-free” ground water resources • smaller inlet flows are cheaper to disinfect • smaller discharge flows are easier to screen and prevent escapement • locate farm away from regions with known pathogen problems Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  6. Why Reuse Water? • Cold-water reuse systems: • in Canada • reuse water to increase 4-8ºC ground water to 10 to 15ºC • increased growth rates off-sets higher capital cost • in northern USA • ground water already 11 to 13ºC (near ideal temperature) • reuse water to increase production on a given water resource • increased production must offset higher capital costs • reuse water to decrease waste discharge Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  7. Culture Tank Fish Culture Tank “Anything that holds water” Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  8. Polyethylene Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  9. Fiberglass Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  10. Fiberglass Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  11. Fiberglass Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  12. Plywood/Wood Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  13. Steel Tanks Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  14. Corrugated Panels with Liner Aluminum Steel Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  15. Plywood/Wood Raceways Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  16. Concrete Tanks/ Raceways Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  17. Aquarium Systems Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  18. Settable Solids Removal 5% Settable Solids Sludge • Bottom-drawing center drain • Settling basins • Swirl separators/ Hydrocyclones Rule of Thumb: 1 lb of feed  0.30 lbs of solids Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  19. Center Dual-Drain System Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  20. Settling Basin Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  21. Swirl Separator Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  22. Suspended Solids Removal 95% Suspended Solids Sludge • Screen filtration • rotating microscreens • horizontal screen • vertical screen • Pressurized bead filters • Pressurized sand filters Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  23. Rotating Microscreen Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  24. Horizontal Screen Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  25. Inclined Screen Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  26. Pressurized Bead Filters Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  27. Pressurized Sand Filters Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  28. Fine & Dissolved Solids Fine & Dissolved Solids Removal • Foam Fractionation • Protein Skimmers Sludge Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  29. Solids Disposal Sludge • GeoBags • land application • composting • lagoons Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  30. GeoTextile Bags Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  31. Vacuum Honey Wagon Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  32. Waste Lagoon Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  33. Compost Bin Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  34. Biofiltration / Nitrification Biofiltration Nitrification Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria 2 NH4+ + OH - + 3 O2  2H + +2 NO2- + 4 H2O Ammonia Nitrite Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria 2 NO2 + 1 O2 2 NO3- Nitrite Nitrate Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  35. Biofiltration / Nitrification Biofiltration Nitrification 1 g of ammonia yields: 4.42 g nitrate NO3- 5.93 g carbon dioxide consumes: 4.34 g oxygen 7.14 g alkalinity Rule of Thumb: 1 kg feed  about 0.03 kg ammonia Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  36. Biofiltration / Nitrification Biofiltration Nitrification • Submerged Biofilters • Trickling Biofilters • Rotating Biological Contactors (RBC) Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  37. Gravel Biofilter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  38. Submerged/Trickling Biofilter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  39. Submerged Foam Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  40. Classic Trickling Tower Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  41. Trickling Tower & Spray Bar Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  42. Smaller Version Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  43. Rotating Biological Contactors Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  44. RBC Drive Shaft Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  45. Biofiltration / Nitrification Biofiltration Nitrification • Pressurized bead biofilters • Fluidized sand biofilters • Fluidized bead biofilters • Moving bed BioReactors Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  46. Propeller Washed Bead Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  47. Bubble Washed Bead Filter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  48. Drop Filters (PolyGeysers) Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  49. Fluidized Bed Biofilters Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

  50. Downflow micro-bead biofilter Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Short Course

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