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Chapters 6 & 7: Serotonin, Glutamate, GABA

Chapters 6 & 7: Serotonin, Glutamate, GABA. Catecholemines Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Serotonin Glutamate GABA. Serotonin (5-HT). Mood Appetite Sleep. 6.13 Synthesis of serotonin.

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Chapters 6 & 7: Serotonin, Glutamate, GABA

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  1. Chapters 6 & 7: Serotonin, Glutamate, GABA Catecholemines Dopamine Norepinephrine Epinephrine Acetylcholine Serotonin Glutamate GABA

  2. Serotonin (5-HT) • Mood • Appetite • Sleep

  3. 6.13 Synthesis of serotonin

  4. 6.15 Rapid tryptophan depletion leads to symptom relapse in recovered depressed patients

  5. 6.16 Features of a serotonergic neuron

  6. Box 6.3 Fen–Phen and the Fight against Fat

  7. 6.18 The firing rate of serotonergic neurons in the cat dorsal raphe

  8. Glutamate • Is an amino acid • Made from breakdown of glucose • Used for: • Making other proteins • Metabolism (energy) • Excitatory neurotransmitter

  9. 7.3 Cycling of glutamate and glutamine between glutamatergic neurons and astrocytes

  10. 7.9 Damage to the arcuate nucleus following administration of MSG

  11. Excitotoxicity • Excessive exposure to glutamate which leads to cell damage or cell death • Examples: • Domoic acid • Strokes

  12. 7.10 Cell death by necrosis versus apoptosis

  13. 7.4 All ionotropic glutamate receptor channels conduct Na+ ions into the cell

  14. LTP and the NMDA Receptor

  15. Doogie mouse

  16. 7.8 Enhanced memory shown by Doogie mice in the novel-object-recognition task

  17. GABA • GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system. • The GABAA receptor interacts with a number of drugs.

  18. Why is Inhibition Important? • Tetanospasmin (tetanus toxin) hitches a ride to the central nervous system from a wound site using the retrograde transport system within axons. • The toxin binds to receptor sites for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),and can’t be dislodged. • Without normal inhibitory input from GABA, muscles begin to go into sudden, involuntary contractions, or spasms.

  19. 7.13 Cycling of GABA between glutamatergic neurons and astrocytes

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