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Transformational Energy Futures Efficient and clean energy for the world

Transformational Energy Futures Efficient and clean energy for the world. Helen Millicer, I&PR Manager. Who is CFCL?. Based in Noble Park (Melbourne), Australia Established 1992 IPO July 2004 9000m 2 of R&D and prototyping facilities Pilot SOFC production plant 100 employees

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Transformational Energy Futures Efficient and clean energy for the world

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  1. Transformational Energy FuturesEfficient and clean energy for the world Helen Millicer, I&PR Manager

  2. Who is CFCL? • Based in Noble Park (Melbourne), Australia • Established 1992 • IPO July 2004 • 9000m2 of R&D and prototyping facilities • Pilot SOFC production plant • 100 employees • European subsidiary established September 2004

  3. Summary of Presentation • Trends in world energy market • New challenges of efficiency and emissions • Disruptive technologies: • 1. Micro-CHP and distributed generation • 2. New energy for the future - fuel cell generators

  4. World Energy Market Trends • Challenges: • Increasing population and industry activity • Pressures and mandates on efficiency, greenhouse and particulate emissions • Increasing price of fuels and electricity • Falling supplies of conventional fuels • Ageing energy infrastructure • Solutions: • More efficient and cleaner systems • New energy sources

  5. World Energy Trends – Government Actions • UK’s Prime Minister plans to raise energy performance target in 2005 to 50% for new buildings, and 60% cut in carbon emissions by 2050 • Australia NSW adopts BASIX 5 Star program – 40% less greenhouse emissions for all new residential development by mid-2006 • New York State to have 25% electricity supplied by renewables, including biogas fuel cells, by 2013 • German Government provides subsidies for fuel cell technologies powered by biomass • German Government passes Law providing subsidy incentive of 5 € cents for energy from small combined heat and power systems

  6. Regional Energy Costs

  7. Comparing stationary power systems • Centralised power: • Coal – 25-40% efficiency, high emissions, constant power • Nuclear – 40% efficiency, highly toxic long life waste, constant power • Gas – 30-50% efficiency, moderate CO2 emissions, generally peak demand • Localised (decentralised) power: • Solar – no emissions, intermittent power • Wind – no emissions, intermittent power • CFCL’s micro-CHP unit – 85% efficiency, variety of fuels, low emissions, continuous power

  8. CFCL’s sweet spot • CFCL’s market and product alignment • Market drivers: • Price for electricity and fuel – Europe very high • Fuel scarcity – Europe (importer of fuels) • Efficiency imperative – regulations and Kyoto on users and utilities - Europe • Natural gas penetration – Europe extensive • Industry framework and interest – horizontal integration and government incentives - Europe • Product solution: 1kW micro-CHP domestic generator for Europe

  9. CFCL path to market • Technical review, 2 yr plan to progress from small to bigger cell stack technology funded by existing investors, reach 5kW • 1997 Technical review, further investment, Fed Govt R&D Start Grant progress to 25kW stack, aiming at < 200kW generator, problems with thermal cycling of large metal stack • 1999 CFC becomes Co Ltd, Woodside and Energex grow to be major investors, move to all ceramic smaller stack • 2003 CFCL recognises market shift to micro-CHP and adjusts business model to being provider of 1kW stacks to domestic appliance manufacturers • 2004 CFCL lists on ASX, IPO and cap raising $25M

  10. Disruptive Technology • “Micro-CHP has a predicted capacity of similar order of magnitude to the existing nuclear generating capacity in the emerging liberalised energy markets in Europe. It has the potential to substantially disrupt the established electricity supply industry both economically and technologically.” • EA Technology Ltd, UK, 2003.

  11. Micro-CHP + fuel cell generator CFCL 1kW micro-CHP

  12. Existing micro-CHP Products • Sales: 13,000 in 2004 • Market value: €112 million • Six products: 4 x 5kW, 2 x 1kW • Markets: Japan, Germany, catching up UK • Best Opportunities: countries with widespread natural gas, high retail electricity prices, long heating season* • * Fuel cells may reach 1:1 power to heat ratio, existing micro-CHP reach 1:5 ratio

  13. 70 60 Solid Oxide Fuel Cells combined cycle plant 50 40 Steam and Gas turbine combined cycle plant Solid Oxide Fuel Cell 30 Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell Advanced Steam Power Plant 20 Diesel Generator Electrical Efficiency % Gas Generator Petrol Generator 10 0 0.1 1 10 100 1000 Power Plant Capacity (MW) Source: Siemens AG Efficiencies in Electricity Generation • Solid oxide fuel cells are recognised as potentially the most efficient electricity systems in the world

  14. Comparing electrical efficiency

  15. CFCL’s CHP unit – heat and power delivered to site Transmission losses 0 kW, 0% Energy used to power CHP system .5kW, 20% Actual heat recovered used for hot water 1kW, 40% Actual electricity generated for use on site 1kW, 40% Domestic gas hot water unit Conventional power station Plus Transmission losses 0.1kW, 10% Wasted heat energy .2 kW, 18% Wasted heat 2.15 kW, 66% Heat energy 1 kW, 82% Outlet Electrical energy 1.1 kW, 33.8% Electrical energy for use on site 1 kW, 30.8% Source: ABARE 2004 Energy Waste: CFCL’s CHP vs conventional power plant and hot water unit Save 44% energy using CFCL’s CHP unit instead of a conventional electricity power plant and domestic water heater

  16. Emissions:CFCL’s CHP vs Conventional centralised power plant and hot water unit • Emissions (per kW energy output) • Option 1 VS Option 2 CO2 900 g CO2 534 g CO2 261 g NOx 0 g (Neg) NOx 4 g NOx .5 g SOx 0 g SOx 10 g SOx 0 g Plus Solid Wastes Ash/Gypsum 50 g CFCL’s CHP combined home electricity generator and hot water unit alone saves 54% CO2 emissions Chloride/sulphate 20 g Conventional centralised power plant Conventional home gas hot water unit Source: ABARE 2004 Australian Government

  17. European Market Opportunities for CFCL Existing and growing EU market for new gas boilers (000 units sold p/a) CFCL market calculations

  18. Benefits of using fuel cell CHP units • Have own reliable constant energy system, end risk of blackouts • Potentially reduce fuel bill and energy consumption • Sell surplus electricity to grid • Replace two units with one – gas powered generator and hot water unit • Utilities defer cost of power station and networks • Utilities and governments meet emission requirements of Kyoto Protocol and legislation

  19. Energy Business Models with micro-CHP • Residents in Tokyo, Japan, have the opportunity to provide power and hot water for their homes using a fuel cell cogeneration system developed by Tokyo Gas, Ebara Ballard Corp and Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd. • Cost: about US$9,550 (1 million yen) • Power: 1-kilowatt fuel cell system • Period: 10 years • Deal: customers also earn a 3 % discount • on their gas bills for 3 yrs and bills capped • at about $90 per month (9,500 yen). 

  20. How CFCL’s micro-CHP operates 2 2 1 1 6 5 6 4 4 5 3 3

  21. The building blocks - CFCL’s fuel cell

  22. CFCL’s CHP Competitive Advantage • Not limited to hydrogen, own internal gas reformer • Able to use a number of gas fuels • natural gas • methane • LPG * • higher hydrocarbons : light napthia, low sulfur diesel • Able to use renewable fuels • biomethane (dairy, sewage) * • ethanol (from sugar, starch, cellulose) * • biodiesel * • coal seam methane * • hydrogen * capacity identified

  23. Fuel cell industry growth CFCL operates in the SOFC field Source: Fuel Cell Today, Dec 2004

  24. Automotive fuel cells • Size range: 20-120kW • Fuel: Hydrogen (compressed, liquid): refueling infrastructure very limited to date (about 70 stations globally) • Demo cars - Toyota, GM, Honda • Commercial series: 2010 - 2015

  25. Portable/miniature Fuel Cells

  26. Distributed Generation PAFC 200 kW MCFC 1 MW MCFC 300 kW SOFC 100 kW SOFC CC 250 kW PEMFC 200 kW

  27. Conclusion • The paradigm shift and deep cuts in energy and emissions via micro-CHP and fuel cells: • Distributed energy – no transmission losses • Reduced capital cost • Efficient use of fuel ~ nearly 50% improvement • Cleaner air with nearly zero particles • Reduced CO2 greenhouse gas emissions ~ > 50%

  28. Thank you, Helen Millicer

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