1 / 12

Classical Music 

Classical Music . *cheat sheet about some stuff*. Composers in the US were intrigued by MEXICAN CULTURE (vacationed/ held cultural exchanges). -SOCIALIST, encouraged composers to be active/vital participants to culture, NATIONALISM

nate
Download Presentation

Classical Music 

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Classical Music  *cheat sheet about some stuff*

  2. Composers in the US were intrigued by MEXICAN CULTURE (vacationed/ held cultural exchanges) • -SOCIALIST, encouraged composers to be active/vital participants to culture, NATIONALISM • -native arts+modern culture -history of revolutions & politically motivated work (i.e. D.Rivera’s murals) • -examples of populist (folk-like toned) music… memorable melodies w/ wide appeal

  3. *Aaron Copland’s EL SALON MEXICO (‘36) [AND HIS CIRCLE] • [select.myxer.com/mp3:7609295/] • (1933) was influenced by Mex. Carlos Chavez… Silvestre Revuelta & his OCHO POR RADIO • (S.Revuelta = classically trained composer&violinist educated in MEX/US) • POR RADIO: Machines/Tech. = “broadcasting” intersecting with Humans and Art = (8 musicians)

  4. 3part form: ABA (A= 1½min + quick tempo, festive mood. B=2min + slower languid) • 1st A- cymbal crash, trumpet call, MEX melody (solo clarinet/trumpet)(harmonized 3rds:MARIACHI) • *Revueltas teases, changes accompaniment, makes it POLYTONAL… meter.. duple?triple? • *AS IF background instruments wander into private fiestas... doors open to music from others • B- pause.. light Indian drum.. slow/blues motive… bassoon.. • 2nd A- picks up party... adds more contrapuntal lines, rhythmic layers and solo maracas, end trumpet

  5. Ocho por Radio • Considered NEOCLASSICAL • (famous by Igor Stravinsky/adopted by N.American composers in the 20’s replacing GermanRomantic tradition) •  hello avantegarde’s radical rejection to past… emphasized playfulness, balance, clarity of form… • dynamic levels change suddenly w/out cres./dim. steady underlying pulse obscured by meters… • texture= OSATINATI, • distinct contrapuntal lines&short repeated melodic fragments. melodies= bitonality, 2 diff keys @same time. Abrupt changes in tonal center/texture/mood = little translation)

  6. MCARTHY (led) ERA. WWII - USSR threat to U.S. - Cold War – Committee on Un-American Activities (House of Reps) • investigated “communist infiltration” of the US gov. by those who followed Soviet Union orders • FBI= files of info on composers suspected, put on a “blacklist” to be imprisoned if war was declared. • Private hearings were reported (i.e. Marc Blitztein and Aaron Copland; AC’s film career died)

  7. MASS MEDIA had LESS of an effect on CLASSICAL (western art “good”) MUSIC. • ~wealthy,powerful • (notated score > live) • Significant impact: sound recording & radio- broadened the audience • *‘10s- PHONOGRAPH credited w/ making “good music” accessible - its grooved disks held 3 min. • (~4 discs= 1 movement) (operas ~ 4hrs) • *RADIO. 1st live network broadcast, orchestra concert (1926 NBC, Koussevitzky & Boston Symphony) 1931 bought rights to broadcast Metropolitan Opera @$100,000 • >2nd popular daytime radio show *1938 Fortune mag. poll= 62% liked opera/classical on radio

  8. Which classical music did listeners hear?? • *ORCHESTRA<3 • *Opposite to Euro: dominated by performers playing past masterpieces • *‘the cult of the virtuoso’ – (good @ fine arts stuff) • conductors= highly paid & admired

  9. Names to Know >> • -Arturo TOSCANINI – NY Philharmonic, NBC Orchestra (classical & romantic works) • -Serge KOUSSEVITZKY (championed American composers) (French & Russian music) • -Leopold STOKOWSKI – Philadelphia Orchestra (early capitalized on technology) (NEW euro & U.S.)

  10. Favorite composers  • Classical - Haydn, Mozart, Rossini, early Beethoven • Romantic - later Beet., Schubert, Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Brahms, Wagner, Liszt, Tchaikovsky, Dvorak, Verdi • Later Romantic - Mahler, Strauss, Puccini, Sibelius, Rachmaninoff …STRAVINSKY= most POPULAR

  11. WILLIAM GRANT STILL “Dean of African-American Composers” (1895-1978) • born in MS (played the violin, cello, oboe) • *further ed. Under W.C. HANDY, EDGARD VARESE • *wrote concert hall, 8 operas, 5 symphonies. • `31, Afro-American Symphony = 1st by a black composer to be performed by major orchestra • -- used blues elements, unlike many spirituals. each movement has a verse by poet Laurence Dunbar, 1st= sonata-allegro form • --2 musical ideas, 12-bar blues harmonic progression, overlaid with blues standard AAB melodic pattern, repeated with diff. instrumentation THEN a spiritual that starts and ends w/ a lyrical plaintative melody (reversed). • --After “development” (violin) = “recapitulation” (brings back ideas) –3rd movement: vibraphone, banjo (alludes to jazz)

  12. ’36, first African American to conduct a major symphony orchestra (Los Angeles Philharmonic) INFLUENCED BY >> • HARLEM RENAISSANCE MOVEMENT – led by W.E.B DUBOIS, ALAIN LOCKE, JAMES W JOHNSON, etc. • =produce art of highest quality, to demonstrate doubters that AfricanAmericans=same potential for cultural achievement • Specicifically, art, music, & lit. that conveyed aspects of heritage using mainstream (white) valued forms. • But what kind of music? Jazz? (gave artists widespread recognition but it wasn’t accepted as western art) Spirituals?? • -Zora N Hurston argued - true authenticity lay in individual spontaneity, informal group performances, free expression of emotion.

More Related