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Horacio M. Tous, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology UPR School of Medicine. Derivatives of embryonic tissue. Embryonic Layers. The eye is derived from two of the primitive embryonic layers: Ectoderm Neuroectoderm Cranial neural crest cells Surface ectoderm Mesoderm
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Horacio M. Tous, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology UPR School of Medicine Derivatives of embryonic tissue
Embryonic Layers • The eye is derived from two of the primitive embryonic layers: • Ectoderm • Neuroectoderm • Cranial neural crest cells • Surface ectoderm • Mesoderm • Endoderm does not enter into the formation of the eye.
Neuroectoderm • Give rise to the: • Neurosensory retina, • Retinal pigment epithelium, • Pigmented and non pigmented layers of the ciliary epithelium, • Dilator and sphincter muscle of the iris, • Pigmented iris epithelium, • Optic nerve, axons an, glia. • Vitreous
Cranial neural crest cells • Responsible for formation of the: • Corneal stroma and endothelium, • Stroma of the choroid and iris, • Sclera, • Trabecular meshwork, • Ciliary muscles, • Sheath and tendons of extraocular muscles, • Orbital cartilage, bone, connective tissue and nerves,
Surface ectoderm • Give rise to the • Lens, • Lacrimalgland, • Epithelium of the cornea, • Conjunctiva and adnexal glands, • Epidermis of the eyelids, • Vitreous.
Mesoderm • Contribute only to the: • Extraocular muscle fibers • Orbital and ocular vascular endothelium • Vitreous • Sclera