EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?

1. EQ: How do I describe the function of the stemsand roots?

2. Stems • Two important functions • Carries substances between roots and leaves • Supports plant so leaves are exposed to the sun EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?

3. Structure of a Stem • Two types of stems • Herbaceous – soft and flexible • Woody-hard and rigid • Both types contain phloem and xylem

4. Woody Stems EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots? • Bark - added layer of protection • Heartwood – inner layers for additional support

5. Layers of a Woody Stem • Bark • Phloem • Cambium -cells that produce new phloem and xylem • Active xylem • Heartwood- inactive xylem • Pith – center of stem, stores food and water in young trees EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?

6. Annual Rings • Represent one year in a tree’s growth • Made of xylem • Light rings grow in spring • Dark rings grow in summer • Two rings together make one year’s growth EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?

7. Roots • Anchor plants • Absorb water and nutrients EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?

8. EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots? Types of Roots • 2 types • Taproot – long thick root with thin roots branching off – carrot, radish, dandelion, cactus • Fibrous- several main roots that branch repeatedly – lawn, corn, trees

9. Structure of Root • Root cap – contains dead cells, protects root from injury • Dividing cells – cause root to lengthen • Root hairs – grow out of root surface – increases the surface area of the roots • Cambium • Vascular tissue in center EQ: How do I describe the function of the stems and roots?