AVOIDING PLAGIARISM

1. AVOIDING PLAGIARISM 12th Grade Joanne F. Christensen Adapted from power points by Marianne F. Bates & Joyce Valenza & WSU HeLIOS Project

2. The Problem of PLAGIARISM: Students who copy may not realize they have done anything wrong

3. What is plagiarism? Representing someone else’s ideas or words as your own.

4. Plagiarism is: Copying Stealing Cheating Dishonest You must do your own work AND you must give credit when you use the work of others.

5. Types of Plagiarism Direct-copying something word for word. Self plagiarism-handing in a paper you wrote for another class (without the teacher’s permission).

6. Types of Plagiarism Accidental or unintentional – not citing your sources correctly. Collusion- Allowing someone else to copy your work or writing something for someone else.

7. Intentional Plagiarism • Copying a friend’s work • Buying or borrowing papers • Cutting and pasting blocks of text from electronic sources without documenting • Media “borrowing” without documentation • Web publishing without permissions of creators

8. Unintentional Plagiarism • Careless paraphrasing • Poor documentation • Quoting excessively • Failure to use your own “voice”

9. Excuses Everyone does it! It’s okay if I don’t get caught! I was too busy to write that paper! (Job, big game, too much homework!)‏ This assignment was BORING! I’ve got to get into ??? U.! My teachers expect too much! My parents expect “A”s!

10. Why Academic Integrity? • When you copy you cheat yourself. You limit your own learning. • The consequences are not worth the risks! • It is only right to give credit to authors whose ideas you use. • Ethically it is dishonest!

11. Why Academic Integrity? • Citing gives authority to the information you present • Citing makes it possible for your readers to locate your source • Education is not an “us vs. them” game! It’s about learning to learn! • Cheating is unethical behavior

12. Example The Quill; 6/1/2004 Two University of Georgia journalism students seemingly plagiarized articles in the student newspaper and were not allowed to graduate.

13. Results of Plagiarism • The students failed the journalism course where they plagiarized articles. • They violated the school's academic honesty policy. • They could only graduate if they: • retook the course • wrote essays on journalism ethics

14. Another Example Daily Briefing: a Digest of Media News, 2003. New York Times reporter Jayson Blair shocked many with his admission of plagiarism and faked reports.

15. Results of Plagiarism • Questions were raised about “the culture of the New York Times.” • Editor Howell Raines and managing editor Gerald Boyd resigned.

16. High School Plagiarism “A study of almost 4,500 students at 25 schools, suggests cheating is . . . a significant problem in high school - 74% of the respondents admitted to one or more instances of serious test cheating and 72% admitted to serious cheating on written assignments. Over half of the students admitted they have engaged in some level of plagiarism on written assignments using the Internet.” -- Based on the research of Donald L. McCabe, Rutgers University

18. Is this important? What if: • Your architect cheated his way through math class. Will your new home be safe? • Your lawyer paid for a copy of the bar exam to study. Will the contract she wrote for you stand up in court? • The accountant who does your taxes hired someone to write his papers and paid a stand-in to take his major tests? Does he know enough to complete your tax forms properly? --Lathrop and Foss 87

19. Three Keys to Avoid Plagiarism • Summarizing • Paraphrasing • Using Direct Quotations

21. What is this??

22. Information About Bryce Canyon Bryce Canyon National Park, which lies in southern Utah, contains some of the world's most oddly shaped and beautifully colored rocks. It covers part of the Grand Canyon Region of the Colorado Plateau. It was named for Ebenezer Bryce, a pioneer who settled in the region in 1875. .”Water and ice have worn the canyon rocks into odd shapes in numerous shades of red, pink, copper, and cream. The bright colors change with the sunlight. ” --World Book Encyclopedia “The erosional force of frost-wedging and the dissolving power of rainwater have shaped the colorful limestone rock . . . into bizarre shapes including slot canyons, windows, fins, and spires called "hoodoos." . . These whimsically arranged rocks create a wondrous landscape of mazes, offering some of the most exciting and memorable walks and hikes imaginable.” --National Park Service

23. Finding Keywords national park colored rocks southern Utah Ebenezer Bryce 1875 water and ice odd shapes sunlight frost-wedging rain water “hoo-doos” mazes

24. Using Keywords To Summarize • Use your own words and synonyms • Use common information from multiple sources • Write main ideas • Shorten

25. Ready, Set, Write! Now, using your keywords, write a few sentences summarizing what you have learned about Bryce Canyon. Make it sound like you—not like an encyclopedia or a book.

26. Information About Bryce Canyon Bryce Canyon National Park, which lies in southern Utah, contains some of the world's most oddly shaped and beautifully colored rocks. It covers part of the Grand Canyon Region of the Colorado Plateau. It was named for Ebenezer Bryce, a pioneer who settled in the region in 1875. .”Water and ice have worn the canyon rocks into odd shapes in numerous shades of red, pink, copper, and cream. The bright colors change with the sunlight. ” --World Book Encyclopedia “The erosional force of frost-wedging and the dissolving power of rainwater have shaped the colorful limestone rock . . . into bizarre shapes including slot canyons, windows, fins, and spires called "hoodoos." . . These whimsically arranged rocks create a wondrous landscape of mazes, offering some of the most exciting and memorable walks and hikes imaginable.” --National Park Service

27. My Summary In 1875, Ebenezer Bryce discovered a canyon of uniquely shaped rocks. These rocks were orange, red, and many other colors. This canyon later became Bryce Canyon National Park, located in the southern end of Utah. The effects of erosion from wind, rain and frost caused these formations. It created mazes, slot canyons and spires. Visitors to Bryce Canyon enjoy viewing the beautiful scenery and hiking through the colorful rock canyon.

28. What can we find out about this topic?

29. What is Chocolate? Chocolate is a food made from the seeds of a tropical tree called the cacao [kuh-KOW]. Botanists believe the cacao tree originated between southern Mexico and the Amazon River Basin in South America. . . . Chocolate manufacturers receive many types of beans. They blend them to yield the flavor and color desired in the final product. The first steps in processing the beans include cleaning, roasting, hulling, blending, and grinding. . . Chocolateproducts are all manufactured from chocolate liquor. They include baking chocolate, cocoa, milk chocolate, and sweet and semisweet chocolate. --World Book Encyclopedia

30. Secrets of Paraphrasing • Use your own words • Use different sentence structure and phrases than the source uses • Use paraphrasing to avoid quoting • Keywords may also be helpful in paraphrasing

31. Sweet Keywords……. seeds cacao Mexico South America manufacturers steps processing products liquor

32. Ready, Set, Write! Now, using your keywords, write a few sentences paraphrasing the information you have. If you paraphrase correctly, it will sound like you—not like an encyclopedia.

33. What is Chocolate? “Chocolate is a food made from the seeds of a tropical tree called the cacao [kuh-KOW].Botanists believe the cacao tree originated between southern Mexico and the Amazon River Basin in South America. . . . Chocolate manufacturers receive many types of beans. They blend them to yield the flavor and color desired in the final product. The first steps in processing the beans include cleaning, roasting, hulling, blending, and grinding. . . . Chocolateproducts are all manufactured from chocolate liquor. They include baking chocolate, cocoa, milk chocolate, and sweet and semisweet chocolate.” “

34. My Paraphrase Baking chocolate, cocoa, and milk chocolate are all made from the cacao seed harvested from the cacao tree. There are many varieties of the seed, and once the seeds are picked, they are carefully mixed together to obtain the different flavors of chocolate. The beans go through processing to get into a form that can be used to make chocolate products. The steps for processing include but are not limited to cleaning, roasting, and grinding the seeds.

35. 6 Traits Application Ideas Organization Voice Word Choice Sentence Fluency Conventions

36. Who is he?

37. Quotes from J.R.R. Tolkien • “Still round the corner there may wait, A new road or a secret gate.” • “All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given to us.” • “There’s some good in this world. . .and it’s worth fighting for.” • “I will not say, do not weep, for not all tears are an evil.” • Courage is found in unlikely places." --Quotations by author J.R. R. Tolkien

38. Why Quote? • Use a quote to let the author’s words support what you are saying. • Use quotes that are powerful and well-written to emphasize your point. **Remember you must put quotation marks around what you quote. “………………..……..”

39. Ready, Set, Write! Write a few autobiographical sentences about yourself. Use a quote by J.R.R. Tolkien to emphasize a point in your writing.

40. One summer I went to England with my sisters and our husbands. We were there to search out our English “roots.” One way we accomplished this was by visiting the churches where our relatives were christened, married, and buried. In one day we visited twelve churches! When we arrived at the town where the last church was located we were tired. We drove up and down the street but could not find the church, so we stopped at the local pub to get directions. After we drove to the designated spot, we realized we were in for a walk to get there. We meandered down the path towards the church. As we turned the corner and saw the church on the hill in front of us, I thought of the quote by J. R. R. Tolkien, “Still round the corner there may wait, a new road or a secret gate. “

42. Quotes from J.R.R. Tolkien • “Still round the corner there may wait, a new road or a secret gate.” • “All we have to decide is what to do with the time that we are given.” • “There’s some good in this world. . .and it’s worth fighting for.” • “I will not say, do not weep, for not all tears are an evil.” • "Courage is found in unlikely places." --Quotations by author J.R. R. Tolkien

43. Your writing will be as magnificent as Bryce Canyon, as sweet as chocolate, and as creative as J.R.R. Tolkien if you learn to paraphrase, summarize, and quote correctly!

44. When Do I Not Have to Give Credit? • When it is something that is common knowledge. • Michael Jackson is a musician. • Boise is the capital of Idaho. • The Great Salt Lake is located in Utah. • If you use someone else’s idea or an interpretation of their idea you must give credit.

45. Some Other Tips to Help You Avoid Plagiarism • Only work in groups if your teacher says it is all right. • Recognize the work of others, if you work in groups.

46. More Tips…. • Refrain from copying and pasting from the internet or any electronic resource. • Prevent others from copying your completed assignments.

47. More Tips…. • Resubmit work you received credit for in another class only if it is approved by the teacher. • When you run out of time, ask for an extension instead of resorting to “cutting and pasting.”

48. More Tips…. • If you have a question about plagiarism, ask your teacher or a librarian.

49. Good luck with your research!

50. Sources • Bates, Marianne F. “Avoiding Plagiarism.” Powerpoint. June 2007. • "Bryce Canyon National Park." World Book Student. World Book, 2010. Web. 10 Sep 2007. • “Chocolate.” World Book Student. World Book, 2010. Web. 10 Sep 2007. • Combes, Barbara. “Plagiarism and Grading Essays.” Library List-serve e-mail. 17 May 2006.