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January 21 st through 29 th

January 21 st through 29 th. Thursday, January 21 st. Go over syllabus Introductions Assign books. Friday, January 22 nd. American Literary Periods Personal essays, narratives, and memoirs. American Literary Periods and their characteristics. Literary Periods. Puritan/Colonial

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January 21 st through 29 th

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  1. January 21st through 29th

  2. Thursday, January 21st • Go over syllabus • Introductions • Assign books

  3. Friday, January 22nd • American Literary Periods • Personal essays, narratives, and memoirs

  4. American Literary Periodsand their characteristics

  5. Literary Periods • Puritan/Colonial • Revolutionary/Age of Reason • Romanticism • American Renaissance/Transcendentalism • Realism • Modernism • Harlem Renaissance • Post Modernism • Contemporary

  6. Puritan/Colonial (1650-1750) Genre/Style • Sermons • Diaries • Personal Narratives • Written in plain style

  7. Puritan/Colonial Effects/Aspects • Instructive • Reinforces authority of the Bible and Church Historical Context • A person’s fate is determined by God • All people are corrupt and must be saved by Christ

  8. Puritan/Colonial Examples • Bradford’s Of Plymouth Plantation • Rowlandson’s “A Narrative of the Captivity” • Equiano’s narrative • Though not written during Puritan times, The Crucible and The Scarlet Letter depict life during the time when Puritan theocracy prevailed.

  9. Revolutionary Age/Age of Reason 1750-1800 Genre/Style • Political pamphlets • Travel writing • Highly ornate style • Persuasive writing Effect/Aspects • Patriotism grows • Instills pride • Creates common agreement about issues • National mission and the American character

  10. Revolutionary/Age of Reason Historical Context • Tells readers how to interpret what they are reading to encourage Revolutionary War support • Instructive in values Examples • Writings of Jefferson, Paine, and Henry • Franklin’s Poor Richard’s Almanac • Franklin’s “The Autobiography.

  11. Romanticism (1800-1860) Genre/Style • Character sketches • Slave narrative • Poetry • Short Stories Effect/Aspects • Value feeling and intuition over reason • Journey away from corruption of civilization and limits of rational thought toward the integrity of nature and freedom of imagination • Helped instill proper gender behavior for men and women

  12. Romanticism Historical Context • Expansion of magazines, newspapers, and book publishing • Slavery debates • Industrial revolution brings ideas that the “old way of doing things are now irrelevant. Examples • Washington Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle” • Poems of Emily Dickinson • Poems of Walt Whitman

  13. American Renaissance/ Transcendentalism Genre/Style • Poetry • Short Stories • Novels • Hold readers’ attention through dread of a series of terrible possibilities Effects/Aspects • True reality is spiritual • Comes from 18th century philosopher Immanuel Kant • Idealists • Self-reliance and individualism

  14. American Renaissance/Transcendentalist Historical context • Portrayals of alluring antagonists whose evil characteristics appeal to sense of awe • Stories of persecuted young girl forced apart from her true love • People seeking the true beauty in life and in nature • A belief in true love and commitment

  15. Realism (1850-1900) Genre and Style Characteristics Examines realities of life, human frailty, local color Depiction of ordinary people in everyday life Objective narrator Does not tell reader how to interpret the story • Novels and Short Stories

  16. Realism Historical Context Examples Crane’s The Red Badge of Courage The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass • Civil War (1861-1865) brings demand for “truer” type of literature that does not idealize people or places • Dialogue includes regional voices

  17. Modernism Genre and Style Characteristics Pursuit of the American Dream America as the land of Eden Soon that optimism and a belief in the importance of the individual is overwhelmed by themes of alienation and disillusionment • Novels • Plays • Poetry • Experimental as writers seek a unique style • Use of interior monologue and stream of consciousness

  18. Modernism Historical context Examples SteinbecksThe Grapes of Wrath Eliot’s The Wasteland Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms Williams The Glass Menagerie Chopin’s The Awakening • Writers reflect the ideas of Darwin and Marx • Overwhelming technological changes of 20th Century

  19. Harlem Renaissance (1920s) Genre and Style Characteristics Gave birth to gospel music Blues and jazz transmitted across America via radio • Outgrowth of Modernism • Allusions to African-American spirituals • Uses structure of blues songs in poetry (repetition) • Superficial stereotypes revealed to be complex characters

  20. Harlem Renaissance Historical Context Examples Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun Wright’s Native Son Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God Ellison’s Invisible Man • Mass African-American migration to Northern urban centers • African-Americans have more access to media and publishing outlets after they move north

  21. Post-Modernism (1950 to present) Genre/Style Characteristics Concern with individual in isolation Social issues as writers align with feminist and ethnic groups Erodes distinctions between classes of people Insists that values are not permanent but only “local” or “historical” • Narratives: both fiction and non-fiction • Metafiction • Magical Realism • Mixing of fantasy with nonfiction; blurs lines of reality for reader • No heroes • Humorless

  22. Post-Modernism Historical Context Examples Feminist and social issue poets: Plath, Angelou Capote’s In Cold Blood Stories of Bradbury and Vonnegut Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye Beat poets: Kerouac, Ginsberg • Post-World War II prosperity • Media culture interprets values

  23. Contemporary (1970s to present) Genre/Style Characteristics Concern with connections between people • Continuation of Post-Modernism • Narratives: fiction and non-fiction • Autobiographical essays • Anti-heroes • Emotion-provoking • Humorous Irony

  24. Contemporary Historical context Examples Poetry of Dove, Cisneros, Soto Walker’s The Color Purple, Haley’s Roots, Morrison’s Beloved Nonfiction by Didion, Dillard, and Krakauer O’Brien’s The Things They Carried Megastars: King, Crichton, Grisham, Clancy • Beginning a new century • Media culture interprets value • Influence of war (Vietnam; Gulf; Iraq)

  25. Personal Writings

  26. This I Believe • http://thisibelieve.org/essay/4108/

  27. Life is fair

  28. Words can hurt.

  29. What goes around comes around

  30. How you act in a crisis shows who you really are

  31. Love conquers all

  32. An eye for an eye

  33. People learn from their mistakes

  34. You can’t depend on anyone else; you can only depend on yourself.

  35. If you smile long enough, you become happy.

  36. Miracles do happen.

  37. There is one special person for everyone

  38. Money can’t buy happiness

  39. Doing what’s right means obeying the law.

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