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Castle Defense: Protecting Against Boiling Liquids Experiment

Explore the effects of pouring hot oil/water from castle walls, determine best armor, and conditions affecting liquid cooling. Detailed experiments and conclusions presented with fundamental relationships.

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Castle Defense: Protecting Against Boiling Liquids Experiment

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  1. CASTLE DEFENSE By Clayton Nylander and Amy Gordon

  2. Questions to be answered • How much will pouring hot oil/water really hurt? • Which type of armor protects you best? • What conditions would cause the liquid to be cooled?

  3. Background • Machicolations were holes through which boiling liquids (water, oil, pitch) were poured • Castle walls typically 30-80 ft high

  4. 1. How much will pouring hot oil/water really hurt? • Assumptions • Forced convection over flat plate • Liquid travels through holes, so flow has tight diameter (0.04m) • 20 m drop • Neglect evaporation (evaporation would decrease final temperature) • Fundamental Relationships

  5. 1. How much will pouring hot oil/water really hurt? • Temperature at bottom of fall (beginning at boiling temp) • Water, Tbottom: 372.999928 K • Oil, Tbottom: 429.9997304 K • Conclusion: Third degree burns occur instantaneously without protection

  6. 2. Will any type of armor save you more than the other? • Fundamental Relationships Heat transfer due to free convection regarded negligible

  7. 2. Will any type of armor save you more than the other? • Oil • Leather (0.005 m thickness) Ti = 346.208 K • Steel (0.002 m thickness) Ti = 428.829 K • Conclusion: Leather is better protection against boiling liquid • Water • Leather (0.005 m thickness) Ti = 329.075 K • Steel (0.002 m thickness) Ti = 372.386 K

  8. 3. What conditions would cause the liquid to be cooled? • Increase Height • Water At 20 m, Tbottom = 372.999928 K At 200 m, Tbottom = 372.98128 K • Oil At 20 m, Tbottom = 429.9997304 K At 200 m, Tbottom = 429.929911 K • Conclusion: Cooling is not enhanced, even after absurdly large distances.

  9. 3. What conditions would cause the liquid to be cooled? A windy or extra cold day Cooling of liquid before pouring Scattering of droplets Evaporation

  10. References • http://www.sapiensman.com/conversion_tables/specific_weights.htm • http://www.cqc.state.ny.us/newsletter/estime.htm • http://www.hp-lexicon.org/images/rj/rj_castle.gif • http://www.richmondancestry.org/images/castle_sunset.jpg • http://dictionary.reference.com/illus/illustration.html/ahd4/Machicolations/machic

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