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INCINERATION

INCINERATION. INCINERATION Define as: Control process for burning solid, liquid and gaseous combustible wastes to gases and residue containing non-combustible material. is any facility used wholly or in part for the controlled combustion of municipal wastes and other waste.

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INCINERATION

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  1. INCINERATION

  2. INCINERATION • Define as: Control process for burning solid, liquid and gaseous combustible wastes to gases and residue containing non-combustible material.

  3. is any facility used wholly or in part for the controlled combustion of municipal wastes and other waste. • waste materials are treated at incinerator plants through the controlled application of that converts waste feed by high temperature oxidation to gaseous material. • during combustion the moisture is vapourised while the combustible waste is also vapourised and oxidised.

  4. final products are CO2, water vapour, ash, and non-combustible or residue.

  5. Objectives of thermal treatment • volume reduction • reduces 90% MSW • reduces 70% of weight • life span of a landfill could be longer

  6. Waste stabilisation • outputs from the incinerator are ash, flue gas and combustible residue. • the output generally inert and more stable when landfill.

  7. Waste to energy conversion • reduce the usage of fossil and fuel • Conversion of natural resources.

  8. Sanitisation of waste • high temperature (800 – 11000C) • outlet 210 -230oC • kill all the pathogen – important in the clinical/hospital waste.

  9. categories of incinerator • Three categories: • mass burning • Selected burning • source separated materials

  10. The Incineration Process • Four types of incinerator • Multiple chamber incinerator • Non-heat utilization incinerator • Fluidised bed incinerator • Rotary kiln combustor

  11. Multiple chamber incinerator • the simplest incinerator • combustion proceeds in two sage • combustion in the ignition chamber • gaseous phase combustion in the secondary combustion chamber.

  12. Non-heat utilisation incinerator • similar with multiple chamber incinerator except the waste to energy process is not included • accommodate up to 1,000 tonnes/day. • capacity of storage pit 16 to 36 hrs of refuse intake

  13. furnaces used are vertical circular, multicell rectangular or rotary kiln.

  14. Fluidised bed incinerator • uses a vertical furnace as alternate design • develop and commonly used in Japan • the combustion chamber contains a fluidised bed • advantage of this system is less mechanical problems

  15. FBI has a maximum capacity 350 tonnes/day • more efficient in burning and flue gas volume is smaller. • start up time is much smaller – 5 min

  16. Rotary kiln combustor • rotary kiln is circular, inclined, cylindrical • slow revolving combustion chamber • waste is rotated slowly • perforation along the kiln allow O2 be pumped – efficient burning

  17. energy transfer by three method • radiation from the refractory inner space surface transfer energy to all surface in the kiln • by convection from the hot combustion gasses to the feed material • the hot refractory surface continuously comes into contact with the underside of the bed

  18. THANK YOU

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