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Adding Pronoun Constraints to a Grammar: Verbs and Pronouns

Adding Pronoun Constraints to a Grammar: Verbs and Pronouns. Present tense verbs occur in two forms: singular: ‘eats’ plural: ‘eat’ only exception is ‘be’, which has a third form, ‘I am’ Pronouns differ in person, number, and case: singular plural

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Adding Pronoun Constraints to a Grammar: Verbs and Pronouns

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  1. Adding Pronoun Constraints to a Grammar:Verbs and Pronouns • Present tense verbs occur in two forms: • singular: ‘eats’ • plural: ‘eat’ • only exception is ‘be’, which has a third form, ‘I am’ • Pronouns differ in person, number, and case: singular plural nominative accusative nominative accusative 1st person I me we us 2nd person you you you you 3rd person he, she, it him, her, it they them

  2. Constraints to be Captured • 3rd person singular pronouns in subject positionoccur with singular verb forms • He eats. *He eat. • other pronouns in subject position occur with plural verb forms • I eat. *I eats. They eat. *They eats. • ignore special case of ‘be’ • J&M treats ‘do’ as aux, so must include number agreement for aux • nominative pronouns occur in subject position • I eat. *Me eat. • accusative pronouns occur in object position and in PPs • Fred met him. *Fred met he. • Fred gave a letter to him. *Fred gave a letter to he.

  3. Split NP NP  Pronoun | … becomes NP-nom-sing  Pron-nom-sing | … Pron-nom-sing  he | she | it NP-nom-pl  Pron-nom-pl | … Pron-nom-pl  I | you | we | they NP-acc  Pron-acc | … Pron-acc  me | you | him | her | it | us | them (ignore number agreement for nouns)

  4. Split VP VP  Verb | Verb NP | Verb NP PP | Verb PP | Verb S | Verb to VP | VP and VP becomes VP-sing  Verb-sing | Verb-sing NP-acc | Verb-sing NP-acc PP | Verb-sing PP | Verb-sing S | Verb-sing to VP | VP-sing and VP-sing VP-pl  Verb-pl | Verb-pl NP-acc | Verb-pl NP-acc PP | Verb-pl PP | Verb-pl S | Verb-pl to VP | VP-pl and VP-pl VP  VP-sing | VP-pl

  5. Require Accusative in other Object Positions PP  Preposition NP-acc GerundVP  GerundV | GerundV NP-acc | GerundV PP | GerundV NP-acc PP

  6. Enforce Number Agreement S  NP VP | Aux NP VP | Wh-NP Aux NP VP | ... becomes S  NP-nom-sing VP-sing | NP-nom-pl VP-pl | Aux-sing NP-nom-sing VP | Aux-pl NP-nom-pl VP | Wh-NP Aux-sing NP-sing VP | Wh-NP Aux-pl NP-pl VP | ...

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