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Photosynthesis

Explore the process of photosynthesis and the transfer of energy in ecosystems. Learn about producers, consumers, decomposers, and the exception to the rule in deep-ocean ecosystems. Discover the role of cellular respiration and the storage of excess energy. Understand food chains, food webs, trophic levels, and the impact of energy loss. Dive into the cycles of nitrogen and carbon, and the changes that occur in aquatic ecosystems through primary and secondary succession.

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Photosynthesis

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  1. Photosynthesis

  2. Chlorophyll • The cells in leaves contain chlorophyll • Traps energy from the sun to produce energy-rich sugar molecules--carbohydrates 6CO2 + 6H2O + solar energy = C6H12O6 + 6O2

  3. Energy & Nutrient Transfer

  4. Producer • Organism that makes its own food • Also called autorophs

  5. Consumer • Organism that get their energy by eating other organisms. • Also called heterotrophs

  6. Decomposers • Organisms that feeds by breaking down organic matter from dead organisms • Examples: bacteria and fungi

  7. Exception to the Rule • Deep-Ocean Ecosystems --Tube worms depend on bacteria that live inside them to survive. The bacteria uses energy from Hydrogen Sulfide to make their own food chemosynthesis

  8. Chemosynthesis

  9. Life Depends on the Sun • Organisms use energy to move, grow and reproduce

  10. Grizzly Bears Omnivore—eats both meat & plants Can eat up to 1.5% of their body weight in one day when eating salmon and 33% of body weight when eating fruits & vegetation. • How many pounds of salmon can a 200lb grizzly bear eat in one day? 15% of 200 = 30lbs • How many pounds of fruits and vegetation can the same bear eat in one day? 33% of 200 = 66 lbs

  11. Cellular Respiration Breaking down of food to yield energy using the O2 you breath in C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy

  12. Excess Energy • Stored as Fat or Sugar

  13. Energy Transfer • Food Chains, Food Webs, Trophic Levels

  14. Food Chain • Sequence in which energy is transferred from one organism to the next as each organism eats another organism

  15. Food Web • Feeding Relationships that are possible in an ecosystem

  16. Who Eats Who-Energy Transfer

  17. Food Chain – Food Web

  18. Trophic Level • Each step in the transfer of energy through a food chain or web in an ecosystem

  19. Food Pyramid

  20. Energy Loss Affects • 1. decrease amount of energy impacts each trophic level • 2. Loss limits the number of trophic levels; rarely have 4 or 5 levels since so much energy is needed to support

  21. Trophic Cascade • Indirect interaction between predators and the resources consumed by the predator’s prey

  22. Cycling of Materials • Materials in an ecosystem are constantly reused in an endless cycle

  23. Nitrogen & Carbon Cycle

  24. Nitrogen Cycle Movement of Nitrogen between atmosphere, bacteria and other organisms

  25. Phosphorus Cycle Movement of phosphorus from the environment to organisms and back

  26. Aquatic Ecosystem

  27. How Ecosystems Change • Primary Succession occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before • Secondary Succession occurs where an ecosystem previously existed—pioneer species, climax community

  28. Primary Succession

  29. Ecological Succession

  30. Old Field Succession

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