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Christianity and the Middle Ages

Christianity and the Middle Ages. Statistics: World Population = 6.75 billion Religion Numbers % of world pop . Christianity 2,200 million 33% Islam 1,500 million 22% Hinduism 914 million 14% (Non-Religious) 770 million 12%

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Christianity and the Middle Ages

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  1. Christianity and the Middle Ages Statistics: World Population = 6.75 billion Religion Numbers% of world pop. Christianity 2,200 million 33% Islam 1,500 million 22% Hinduism 914 million 14% (Non-Religious) 770 million 12% Buddhism 384 million 6% (Atheists) 150 million 2.2% Sikhism 24 million .4% Judaism 14 million .2% Baha'i 7 million .1%

  2. Christianity and the Middle Ages There are over 30,000 sects within Christianity (Is this a strength or a weakness?) What do all these groups have in common? The role of Jesus: “Son of God”—the Trinity Savior—original sin—atonement The Messiah (Hart’s ranking of Jesus) The role of St. Paul: Apostle to the Gentiles Conflict with the apostles of Jesus Drops 603 commandments (circumcision) Doctrine of original sin & salvation by faith Christianity as a universal religion Conflicts among the early Christians Who and what is Jesus? Arianism/ Monophysitism Relationship between Jesus & the Father Can people save themselves?—no Free Will (Pelagius vs. Augustine)

  3. Christianity and the Middle Ages Early Christian “Heresies:” AdoptionismModalism Anomoeanism Monophysitism Antinomianism Monotheletism ApollinarianismMontanism Arianism Novationism DocetismNestorianism DonatismOrigenism EutychianismPatripassianism Gnosticism Pelagianism EunomianismPriscillianism Manichaeism Sabellianism MarcionismTheopaschitism MelitianismTheopassionism Monarchianism

  4. Christianity and the Middle Ages *Emergence of the New Testament (5C CE) (inclusion & modification of the OT) *Development of Church Hierarchy (solve doctrinal disputes) Bishop of Rome—Pope Bishops Apostolic Succession Priests Sacraments

  5. Christianity and the Middle Ages *Conversion: paganism and Christianity (Tertullian: “That the Son died may be believed because it is absurd; that he rose from the dead is certain because it is impossible.” Christianization of pagans; paganization of Christians(example of Christmas) *Monasticism—vita apostolica *Church and State relations (Gelasius)

  6. Christianity and the Middle Ages Summary: How Christianity differs from the other ME religions: 1. Doctrine of the Trinity 2. Doctrine of original sin 3. No free will 4. Few “laws” (commandments) 5. Church hierarchy 6. Monasticism

  7. Christianity and the Middle Ages Foundations of the Middle Ages: 1. Legacy of Greco-Roman civilization: Latin, law, idea of empire 2. The Christian Church: hierarchical structure 3. Germanic institutions: common (customary) law

  8. Christianity and the Middle Ages Feudalism (The private assumption of public power) Decentralized authority Power devolves from the center to the periphery Manorialism Economic decentralization and autarky Two civilizations: Ancient: pagan, rational, secular, humanistic Medieval: Christian, faith-based, other-worldly, spiritualistic

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