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Google’s GCM Cloud Connection Server (CCS)
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Google’s Cloud Connection Server : A Brief Intro • Connection Server based on XMPP(Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) • Allows third party app servers to communicate with Android devices • Uses a persistent TCP connection for communication • Communication is asynchronous and bi-directional • This XMPP mechanism for sending messages can be used alongside traditional HTTP
More Info on XMPP • Founded and used by Jabber for instant messaging • Is an XML based communication protocol • XMPP is open source, which means any developer can customize its extensions to suit software requirements. • IM Services such as Google Talk and the chat feature in Facebook use XMPP in the back-end though not a native implementation • Initially, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) which is native to XMPP was used for communications. Later, XMPP was developed to perform data transfers via HTTP for web clients and via web-sockets for real-time messaging. • The native design of the XMPP server component has an in-built entity called ‘transports’ or ‘gateways’ that aids the communication of messages between XMPP and non-XMPP systems.
How XMPP uses HTTP for communication • XMPP uses HTTP in two ways : • Polling • Where data transfer is done through HTTP POST and GET methodologies • Is now deprecated • Binding • used for data PUSH methodologies • Implemented over Bidirectional-streams Over Synchronous HTTP (BOSH) • This push model of notification is more efficient than polling, where many of the polls return no new data
How CCS has improved on GCM • CCS uses the XMPP protocol over a long-lasting TCP connection for communications • Now, CCS performs both device-to-cloud and cloud-to-device communications (through XMPP) over the same connection (TCP) and thereby helps developers achieve a better device power management in their apps than GCM • CCS requires a Transport Layer Security (TLS) connection and Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL)-based authentication. • CCS incorporates JSON-based payload messages into the XMPP-supported XML structure and uses it for communications. CCS could send up to 1000 such messages asynchronously before it receives any acknowledgement from the device.
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