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Indian Ocean map

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Indian Ocean map

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  1. CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE INDIAN OCEAN SMALL ISLANDS STATES: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE INITIATIVESby RAGOONADEN, Sachooda, Consultant, Mauritius, in collaboration withMOHABEER, Raj, Chargé de Mission, Indian Ocean Commission, MauritiusSOK APPADU Soobaraj N, Director, Meteorological Services, Mauritius AGRICOLE, Wills, Director, Meteorological Services, Seychelles

  2. Indian Ocean map

  3. Global Trend • 1998 warmest year (+0.54ºC) • 2003 (+0.51ºC) • 2002 (+0.47ºC) • 2004 (+0.44ºC) • 2007 likely to be the warmest (+0.57ºC)

  4. Regional variations +Trends • Mauritius - 7 warmest out the last 8 years since 1931 - 2003 (+0.79ºC) warmest - 2002 (+0.68ºC) - 2006 (+0.67ºC) - 1998 (+0.62ºC)

  5. Seychelles - 1998 warmest - 2006 - 2001 Regional variations +Trends

  6. Rainfall trend in Mauritius

  7. Maldives- Sea Level Trend

  8. Table I: Temperature, Rainfall and sea level changes for the period indicated

  9. Projections-Indian Ocean

  10. Impacts of climate change • Comoros-734 hectares low lying area flooded • Madagascar-225m of beaches inundated and rate of loss of grassland by 212% by 2100. • Maldives-1m SLR loss of the entire land of Maldives. Same fate for Agalega (Mauritius) and St Brandon (Mauritius)

  11. Impacts of Climate Change (contd.) • Mauritius- 1 m SLR lead to inundation of 12 km of primary roads and 25 km secondary roads, 1000 houses and displacement of 6000 people (0.5% population) • Seychelles-Coral bleaching of 1998 more frequent.

  12. Some measures taken • Awareness campaign- electricity and water saving • In Mauritius, CEB distributes a booklet on Electricity saving, Bagasse-biomass from sugar cane- 15% of energy use, experiment on ethanol • In Seychelles, six booklets on use of CFL • Incentives for solar energy • Coral sand mining banned

  13. Way forward • Very few studies on impacts compared to Pacific and Caribbean regions • Some attempts by Indian Ocean Commission but meetings only

  14. Climate and Ocean observations • Maintain Sea Level Stations for long term series records • Maintain primary meteorological stations to identify variation and trends • Strengthen Sea Surface Temperature observations

  15. Regional Committee on CC & SLR • No regional body on the issue • Propose one established under Indian Ocean Commission

  16. Regional Report on the IO • “Climate Variability and Change and Sea Level Rise in the Pacific Island regions” • No comprehensive report on the WIO • Need to prepare a regional report on “Climate and Sea Level Variability and Change in the IO”

  17. Regional Database • No harmonize system for environment data archive • Request to individual institution for data • UNEP EIS toolkit developed • All countries to adopt it for data storage

  18. Internet Portal • Information on CC scattered and fragmented • Need a one stop shop for CC information for all stakeholders • A dedicated Internet Portal for exchange, display and communication on CC issues • India Ocean Commission could host it

  19. IPCC 4th Assessment report • Very limited publicity on past IPCC reports • Knowledge on CC & SLR very scanty • A strategy to be developed at national and regional levels • Popular articles, public talks in schools, TV and radio, civil society and NGOs

  20. Climate proofing National Development Plans • Integrate CC & SLR into national development plans • Six case studies- Cooks Islands and FSM- to demonstrate a risk base approach to adaptation. • And mainstreaming adaptation in NDP and project activities • Climate risk profile and return period of extreme events-maximum hourly rainfall and gusts, highest significant waves . • Maldives. Need for other regions

  21. Modeling studies • Most GCMs for global scale output • Downscale output of GCM to better define and understand island processes and impacts

  22. Concluding remarks • Much interest and opportunities to promote CC activities in IO • Mauritius and Seychelles first two countries to sign the UNFCCC • Expertise and funds limited

  23. Regional proposal • 12th Session of COP (Nairobi, November 2006) side meeting • French delegation proposal for Capacity building enhancement on adaptation to CC • Budget of project = € 3m • Pledged = € 1m • Seeking partners for remaining budget • Maldives should be included

  24. THANK YOU

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