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Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact/empires in east asia. A New Rome, A New Setting. Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) Justinian was leader who re-unified western and eastern Rome Established the Justinian Code(law code) to guide society Rebuilt Constantinople
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Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact/empires in east asia
A New Rome, A New Setting • Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire) • Justinian was leader who re-unified western and eastern Rome • Established the Justinian Code(law code) to guide society • Rebuilt Constantinople • Built churches, palaces, roads, schools, hospitals • Became a booming city of the day
What happened to the “new” Roman Empire? • Justinian died • Plague hit the empire • At the worst, 10,000 were dying every day • Faced constant attacks from foreign enemies • Held back many attacks • Finally fell to Ottoman Turks in 1453
How was Russia “born?” • Viking and Slavs united to create a settlement in Russia’s first important city, Novgorod • Kiev was soon settled and was used as a point of trade to distant lands • Vikings and Slavs began to intermarry and the line between the two vanished • Kiev’s power continued to grow for the next fifty years, however a steady decline began in 1054 that would lead to Kiev’s downfall
The Mongol Invasions • Middle 1200s, Mongols arrived in Russia • Nomads, led by Genghis Khan, one of the most feared warriors of all time • Used brutal warfare-savage killing & burning of land • Arrived in Kiev in 1240 • destroyed city • Mongols were tolerant of Russian customs and traditions • Had to pay tribute • Had to obey laws
How did Russia become free? • Moscow founded in 1100s • Located near three major rivers • Ivan I, earned his way into Mongol leadership • Future generations schemed to take on more power • Ivan III openly challenged the Mongols • 1480 final break was made
The Tang Dynasty Expands China • Ruled for nearly 300 years • Begun by Tang Taizong • Empire expanded • Reconquered lost lands • Extended influence over Korea • Stronger central government • Improved roads • Civil service system • Empire eventually became difficult to control • Internal rebellions • Outside attacks
General named Taizu reunited China and declared himself first emperor of the Song Dynasty Empire was smaller, but more stable and powerful China’s Song Dynasty
Prosperous China • Science • Moveable type • Gun powder • Explosive weapons • Agriculture • Improved cultivation of rice • Trade • Flourished • Silk road • Port cities • Poetry and Art • Great poetry
Large Gentry (upper class) Urban middle class Laborers, soldiers, servants Women were subservient to men Chinese Social Classes
Who were the Mongols? • Nomads • Originally from steppes of Eurasia • United under Genghis Khan • Led for 21 years • Brilliant organizer • Gifted strategist • Used cruelty as a weapon • Conquered much of Asia, beginning with China
Mongol Rule in China • Kept separate identity • Lived apart from Chinese • Obeyed different laws • Kept Chinese out of government offices • Foreign trade increased • Silk Road • Port Cities
Venetian trader Traveled along Silk Road Loyal to Mongols in China Marco Polo
Why did Mongol Rule in China end? • Armies and navies suffered defeat • Spent too much on wars, public works and luxuries • Rebellion broke out and Mongols overthrown
Geography of Southeast Asia • Warm, humid tropics • Heavy, seasonal rains • Seas and straits • Mountains, which made transportation and communication difficult
Growth of Japanese Civilization • First mention of Japan in 1st century BC • Japan was not united at this time • Many different clans • Early religion was Shinto • Way of the Gods • First led by Yamato Clan
Buddhism arrived in Japan mid-700s Borrowed most culture from China Food Arts System of government Japanese Culture
Feudalism in Japan • Small landowners traded parts of their land to strong warlords in exchange for protection • Lords surrounded themselves with samurai for protection • Valued fairness, reverence to gods and generosity