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Indian Classical Performance

Indian Classical Performance. Improvisation ( not pre-composed) Pitch – based on Raga (scales, but more) Rhythm – based on Tala (meters, but more) Process of “unfolding” the Raga - movement from low to high - rhythmic movement from slow to fast. Organization of the Improvisation.

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Indian Classical Performance

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  1. Indian Classical Performance • Improvisation (not pre-composed) • Pitch – based on Raga (scales, but more) • Rhythm – based on Tala (meters, but more) • Process of “unfolding” the Raga- movement from low to high- rhythmic movement from slow to fast

  2. Organization of the Improvisation • Alap – opening section, free rhythm (no drums), establishes the Raga • Jor (Jod) – drums enter, regular rhythm (Tala) established • Jahla – fast, virtuosic concluding section • Gat – fixed (pre-composed) tune featured in last section

  3. RHYTHM • Based on Rhythmic cycles (similar to Meter…but much MORE) • Division of time by regular beats (MATRA) • 1st beat of cycle [most important] (SAM) • One group of beats [measure] (VIBHAG),[not all cycles of equal weight] • Complete cycle (AVARTAN) • Each cycle a unique pattern (TAL or TALA)

  4. SOME DIFFERENT TALA • Teental = 16 (4 + 4 + 4 + 4) [most common] Keharwa Tal = 8 (4 + 4) • Adi Tal = 8 (4+2+2) • Adachautal = 14 (2+4+4+4) • Dadra tal = 6 (3 + 3) • Ektal = 12 (2+2+2+2+2+2) • Jhaptal = 10 (2+3+2+3) • Sultal = 10 (2+2+2+2+2) • Rupak Tal = 7 (3+2+2)

  5. COUNTING TALA • Not all Matra (beats) are equal • 1st beat of cycle [most important] (SAM) • Not all Vibhag (measures) are equal • Tali (clap) = strong beginning to Vibhag • Khali (wave) = weak beginning to Vibhag • Remainder of Matra in Vibhag counted on fingers (begin w/ little finger)

  6. COUNTING TEENTAL • CLAP 2 3 4 • CLAP 2 3 4 • WAVE 2 3 4 • CLAP 2 3 4 • Ex. Tabla lesson - Teen taal – YouTube • Ex.Ustad Zakir Hussain -- Vintage Teental Solo - YouTube

  7. COUNTING ADI TAL • CLAP 2 3 4 • WAVE 2 • WAVE 2 • Ex. Carnatic Tabla - Adi Taal - SREEJITHKUMAR.G - MUSIC WORLD - YouTube

  8. COUNTING KEHERWA TAL CLAP 2 3 4 WAVE 2 3 4

  9. COUNTING DADRA TAL • CLAP 2 3 • WAVE 2 3 • Ex. Tabla lesson - Dadra taal.wmv – YouTube • Ex. Taal dadra been played by ustad jaswinder meet - YouTube

  10. COUNTING JHAPTAL • CLAP 2 • CLAP 2 3 • WAVE 2 • CLAP 2 3 • Ex. Jhaptal tabla demo – YouTube • Ex. Ravi Shankar, Alla Rakha - Tabla Solo in Jhaptal - YouTube

  11. COUNTING SULTAl CLAP 2 WAVE 2 CLAP 2 WAVE 2 CLAP 2 This pattern is disputed (some consider this a 5-beat pattern)

  12. COUNTING RUPAK TAL • WAVE 2 3 • CLAP 2 • CLAP 2 • Ex. Tabla lesson - rupak taal – YouTube • Ex. Tabla Solo - Rupak Taal - Pt. Samta Prasad Mishra - YouTube

  13. Tabla (playing position)

  14. TABLA “Tabla” (“on the right”) “Duggi”(“on the left”)

  15. Modern Tabla (“bolt tuned”) List price: $ 418 (on sale: $ 313 plus S&H)

  16. Learning & Playing Tabla • Taught by rote (no written music used) • Variety of strokes - area of drum head struck- finger(s) used- manner of stroke • Taught Mnenomically with “Bols” • Ex.: Dha, Din, Ga, Ta, Na, Ti, Ka, Tin, Tu, etc. • YouTube video

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