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A T-348 ENERGY PROJECT. Cut ENERGY cost by half? or more? Q: Is this POSSIBLE? A: YES!. Income Statement – no IMPROVEMENTS Total Revenues RRRRR Total Expenses EEEEEE NIBIT (Net Income Before Interest and Taxes) Less: Interest Payments Less: Taxes
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A T-348 • ENERGY PROJECT
Cut ENERGY cost by half? or more? Q: Is this POSSIBLE? A: YES!
Income Statement – no IMPROVEMENTS • Total Revenues RRRRR • Total Expenses EEEEEE • NIBIT (Net Income Before Interest and Taxes) • Less: Interest Payments • Less: Taxes • NIAT (Net Income After Taxes) • Cash Flow Statement – no IMPROVEMENTS • Sources Revenues LESS Costs • Uses Taxes PLUS Interest PLUS Principal • NNCF (Equity & Project Streams) Sources LESS Uses • IRR (Equity & Project) Dependent upon Investment and NNCF
Income Statement – with IMPROVEMENTS • Total Revenues RRRRR + EEE • Total Expenses EEE • NIBIT (Net Income Before Interest and Taxes) = HIGHER • Less: Interest Payments = slightly higher (influenced by decisions) • Less: Taxes = very slightly higher • NIAT (Net Income After Taxes) = HIGHER • Cash Flow Statement – with IMPROVEMENTS • Sources Revenues LESS Costs = HIGHER • Uses Taxes PLUS Interest PLUS Principal = (decisions) • NNCF (Eq & Proj Streams) Sources LESS Uses = HIGHER • IRR (Equity & Project) Higher Streams == HIGHER IRR
Tristan Calasanz – I have been there before • Vice President for Utility Operations – National Power Corporation • Assets: US$10 billion; Gross Revenues: US$1 billion (1983) • Energy-Efficiency Savngs: US$15 million (1983) • Vice President for Project Development – First Private Power Corporation • Co-Generation Faciility: Conceptualization, Feasibility Studies, Engineering, Bid Evaluation • Project Investment: US$65 million • Associate for Energy Management – SGV&CO/ArthurAndersen&CO
PROJECT "TRIO" • PROPONENT • Target • Small Equity, &/or No Cash Out Possible • Signs a Fixed-Term Contract with an IPP • Ind. Power Producer (IPP) / Target Subsidiary • BOT - Build-Operate-Transfer • BOO - Build-Operate-Own • Financing Institution • JP Morgan / Target Bank: "Project-Finance“ • Loans are assured with Contract
IPP's Business Elements • Partner with an Engineering Firm • Design and Build Standardized Packaged Units • in Container Vans for Portability • Requirement: Clean Fuel, e.g., Natural Gas • Equipment • ICE: Caterpillar, and/or Clunkers • Heat Pumps: York, and/or Sanyo + Kawasaki + Mitsubishi + HVAC/R Contractor • Project-Finance
ELECTRICITY Owner: Reduced outside procurement IPP: Displaced with energy from fuel and from heat pump P&L Income Stream: Displaced electricity - Proponent-Owned ENERGY SERVICES Owner-Owned: Substantial savings IPP-Owned: High Internal Rate of Return PRODUCT/COMMODITY IPP: Pioneer in "packaged cogeneration" systems (a Niche) IPP: Eligible for Export Overall Net Effect
Merchandise / Commodity • Services Provided • Supply energy in the form of electricity, heating, chilling • Radically alter the Income Statement: Revenues, Expenses, Bottom Line • Strategic Advantage • Energy Cost Reduction • Transportable for easy replication to different sites • Competition • Walmart, Trader Joe’s, Haggen, Whole Foods, Safeway • Costco, Sam’s Club