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The Torino history and in the history

The Torino history and in the history. first news. It is known, from Greek an Latin historians, that our land was populated by “Taurini” since VI-III century BC the name come from Taur or Thor, i.e. mountain in celtic language, not from taurus = bull (the symbol of Torino)

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The Torino history and in the history

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  1. The Torino history and in the history

  2. first news • It is known, from Greek an Latin historians, that our land was populated by “Taurini” since VI-III century BC • the name come from Taur or Thor, i.e. mountain in celtic language, not from taurus = bull (the symbol of Torino) • taurini means populations of the mountains, migrating from a Drava region in VI-III century a.C. in our region, already populated by Ligurians, the autochthonal populations

  3. about the town of Taurasia • a town located at the confluence of Dora and Po river was cited by Appiano da Alessandria (ca 95 – 161 AC) in the “Storia Annibalica” as “Taurasia” • during the II punic war, 218-201 BC, Hannibal cross the alps with 37 elephants and took Taurasia after three days of siege • the romans were very grateful to taurini because they leave time to reorganize • but just for short time ....

  4. romans brings the“roman pax” • when Rome decide the invasion of the Gallia, our region become a military region, crossed by an important road between Rome and the Gallia • Julius Caesar founded a roman castrum on year 27 AC • the castrum was called “Augusta Taurinorum” in honour of emperor Ottaviano Augusto • the structure of the castrum, with the road crossing at 90 degree, is still a typical characteristic of Torino Roman theater and Porte Palatine

  5. romans expansion and the medium age • the two main road of the camp arestill there: the “decumana maximus”is the Via Garibaldi and the“Porta Pretoria” is on theback of Palazzo Madama.The “cardo maximus” isthe present Via S. Tommaso • the medium age was a black period forour region, just the border between Francs and Longobards kingdoms. • Piedmont was a land of battles whith a consequent great economical depression Augusta Taurinorum map

  6. The Savoia dukes and kings • the influence of Savoia familywas very big in Piedmont andin Italy • the first citation of a Savoia member in the history was the Count Oddone Moriana-Savoia, husband of Adelaide, marquess of Piemont in 1046 • The Savoia was a fighting dynasty, for 900 years they try to expand in every directions but the France directions was very hard, the Italy direction was much more easy! • The Savoia dukedom upgrade to kingdom of Sardinia in 1713 (Utrecht treaty) and kings of Italy in 1861 with the king Vittorio Emanuele II

  7. Torino, the capital of Italian kingdom • the Kingdom of Italy was declared by the first Italian Parlamant in Torino on March 17, 1861 • Torino was the capital of kingdom from 1861 to 1864, when the capital was moved to Florence and Rome, consequence of agreement between France and Piedmont • great change and shock in the economy of the town. Thousands of working positions in the administration of the kingdom was lost. Popular inssurections with hundreds of people dead. • to compensate the economical crack of Torino, a new “Science town”, including our Physics Institute, was created on 1884 Palazzo Carignano

  8. Torino and the science • the first italian public Universitywas created in Bologna on 1088, • the knowledge before was appanage ofChurch, the teaching was done on monastery and bishop's palaces • the second University was created in Padua on 1222 from rebels students and professors coming from Bologna • the third University was created in Vercelli on 1228 from Padua, with 3 faculties (theology, jurisprudence and medicine) and 14 professors (1 theologist, 3 jurist, 4 decretisti (???), 2 physicians, 2 dialectics, 2 literacy), payed by the students and a contribution by the commune for 500 lodging places • the word laurea come from laurel wreath (coronad’alloro), dressed by the students at the end studies

  9. more on science • the Vercelli University was closedon 1361 and moved to Pavia • a new University was open on 1404 in Torino • the “società scientifica”, created on 1757 by Angelo Saluzzo di Monesiglio, Giovanni Cigna e Luigi De La Grangia became Accademia delle Scienze on 1783 • a new scientific city created on 1884. Investement on Research. The base for the beginning of industrialization in Piemont (Fiat …)

  10. outstanding people of Torino • Joseph-Louis Lagrange, author ofMecanique Analytique, born in Torino on 1736 • Erasmus of Rotterdam, got the laureain Torino on 1506 • Amedeo Avogadro di Quaregna founderof atomic theory, born in Torino on 1776 • Ascanio Sobrero, discovery of nitroclycerine, trasformed in dynamith by Alfred Nobel • Galileo Ferraris, discovery of the rotating magnetic field, the base of electrical motor • three Nobel prize in medicine: Salvatore Lauria (1969), Renato Dulbecco (1975), Rita Levi-Montalcini (1986)‏

  11. innovations and innovators of Torino • first electronic calculator, the perottina (1964)‏ • Giovanni Agnelli, FIAT cars • Italian movies Studios, since end of 1800 • first TV trasmission in Italy • first machine for industrial chocolate production(Doret-Caffarel 1778)‏ • Carpano, Martini and Cinzano Vermouth (P.zza Castello, 1786)‏ • first “Magnum like ice-cream”, ice cream on a stickcovered by chocolate (Gelati Pepino, Via Po, 1928)‏ • first “Sprite”, lemonade with CO2 gas, called “gassosa” (Caffè Guelpa, C.so Vittorio 58, 1833)‏

  12. Torino, science and more • conclusion • Torino is an old town with many hystorical places, important museum and a nice and pleasant center • suggestions • take your time to walk around • try to drink capuccino and marocchino (everywhere), bicerin (caffè della Consolata)‏ • enjoy the aperitivo in any of the hystorical coffee shop downtown (Baratti & MIlano, Mulassano, Caffè Torino) • PAY THE MAXIMUM ATTENTION OF PICKPOKET AND TAKE CARE OF YOUR WALLET ON THE BUS AND TRAM

  13. IWHSS08 • finally, in the remainig time, enjoy our workshop!

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