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An Introduction to Internet 2

An Introduction to Internet 2. Deke Kassabian. University of Pennsylvania ISC Network Engineering. What We’ll Cover. Part 1 - The Evolution of Internets Part 2 - Internet 2 Applications Part 3 - Internet 2 Engineering. The Evolution of Internets. Section 1. The Internet in the USA.

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An Introduction to Internet 2

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  1. An Introduction to Internet 2 Deke Kassabian University of Pennsylvania ISC Network Engineering

  2. What We’ll Cover • Part 1 - The Evolution of Internets • Part 2 - Internet 2 Applications • Part 3 - Internet 2 Engineering

  3. The Evolution of Internets Section 1

  4. The Internet in the USA • Tens of millions of computers • Multiple national backbones, interconnected at NAPs • Many scaling and performance problems

  5. The vBNS • National ATM network at OC-3 (155 Mbps) and OC-12 (622Mbps) bandwidths • Originally interconnected only 5 national Super Computer Centers (SCCs) • NSF “High Performance Connections Program” allows institutions with meritorious research projects to have connections to the vBNS

  6. Network Evolution Mature, rapid Commodity growth Early Growth Experimental

  7. 1970: The Arpanet The ARPANET

  8. 1980s: Transition to NSFNet Birth of the regionals (NEARnet, NYSERnet, PREPnet, SURAnet, others)

  9. Early 1990s: Transition to commercial backbone Regionals plus the NSFNET Backbone. Major carriers building.

  10. 1995: The Commodity Internet Commercial carriers with exchange points (NAPs). No government backbone

  11. 1996: The vBNS The vBNS

  12. Right Now: Internet 2 Internet 2

  13. Why an Internet 2 • Develop a next-generation Internet for research and education that is designed to support multimedia services and very large (global) scope.

  14. Internet 2 Organization • National effort started in 1996 and organized by EDUCOM • Participation by 100 or so top universities and national research labs • Two large and well organized efforts: Applications and Engineering • Funded mostly by participants, partly by the US government

  15. Coordinated Activities Applications Motivate Enable Engineering

  16. Internet 2 Applications Section 2

  17. Today’s Applications Telnet (Remote Terminal) Electronic Mail USENET News Web Browsing File Transfer Remote File Systems GUIs (including X)

  18. Today’s Applications Bandwidth Required: Low to Moderate Telnet (Remote Terminal) Electronic Mail USENET News Web Browsing File Transfer Remote File Systems GUIs (including X) Delay Tolerance: Moderate to High Jitter Tolerance: Moderate to High Today’s “Best Effort” Network is adequate

  19. Tomorrow’s Applications Non realtime A/V playback Internet Telephony N-way video conferencing Telemedicine “The Cave”

  20. The CAVE A surround-screen, surround-sound, projection-based virtual reality system Networking multiple CAVEs together is very demanding of network resources

  21. Tomorrow’s Applications Bandwidth Required: High to Very High Non realtime A/V playback Internet Telephony N-way video conferencing Telemedicine “The Cave” Delay Tolerance: Low to Moderate Jitter Tolerance: Low to Moderate Today’s “Best Effort” Network is NOT adequate

  22. Requirements for Tomorrow’s Applications • Minimizing Delay • Minimizing Jitter • Handling of large objects • Managing resource schedules • Managing demand

  23. We need a QoS network! A QoS network is a network in which such requirements can be met by requesting certain quality features of the network.

  24. Internet 2 Engineering Section 3

  25. Internet 2 Technology: Advanced Devices • Devices that can partition bandwidth • Devices that can classify and/or expedite traffic

  26. Reserved Bandwidth Video Traffic 500 Mbps 1 Gbps Audio Traffic 300 Mbps All “Best Effort”

  27. File Xfer Video Email Audio Expedited TrafficNot possible with many network devices today. Network Forwarding Device “Best effort” traffic arrives ahead of time sensitive traffic.

  28. File Xfer Video Email Audio Expedited TrafficNot possible with many network devices today. Network Forwarding Device “Best effort” traffic is forwarded ahead of time sensitive traffic.

  29. File Xfer Video Email Audio Expedited Traffic “Traffic Classifiers” enable successful handling of time sensitive traffic. Mult. queues Traffic Classifier “Best effort” traffic arrives ahead of time sensitive traffic.

  30. File Xfer Video Audio Email Expedited Traffic “Traffic Classifiers” enable successful handling of time sensitive traffic. Mult. queues Traffic Classifier “Best effort” traffic is delayed in favor of time sensitive traffic.

  31. Internet 2 Technology: Protocols • RSVP is the IP Resource Reservation Protocol • IPv6 is the “Next Generation” of IP and allows for very large address space, greatly enhanced routing summary, and QoS specification of IP network flows RSVP and IPv6 might never be deployed in the “Commodity Internet” without first testing in a network like Internet 2

  32. Internet 2 Technology: Gigapops • Aggregation points for vBNS/Internet 2 sites. • Very high availability operations with redundant/diverse fiber paths, 24 hour manned operation. • Very high bandwidth devices - gigabit routers and switches. • Connections to Internet 2 backbone, vBNS, other Internet 2 members. Other connections to subscriber sites and to Commodity Internet services.

  33. I2 Concept Diagram

  34. For more information.... • The Internet 2 web site is at • <URL:http://www.internet2.edu> • Penn’s Internet 2 web pages are at • <URL:http://www.upenn.edu/computing/i2/>

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